Flø R W, Solberg C O
Medisinsk avdeling, Haukeland Sykehus, Bergen.
Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 1998 Oct 10;118(24):3799-802.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in children, immunodeficient individuals and elderly people. As antibiotic resistant strains become more prevalent, pneumococcal infections will become more difficult to manage. Pneumococcal vaccination is inexpensive, and serious side effects are rare. However, the efficacy and safety of the vaccine have been questioned, and the use of vaccination is limited. This article discusses factors to be considered when assessing the indications for pneumococcal vaccination. Immunisation together with a strict policy on the use of antibiotics are our most efficient means for preventing pneumococcal disease and spread of antibiotic resistant strains. Norwegian physicians are encouraged to use pneumococcal vaccine according to the present indications.
肺炎链球菌是儿童、免疫功能低下者及老年人发病和死亡的常见原因。随着抗生素耐药菌株日益普遍，肺炎球菌感染的治疗将变得更加困难。肺炎球菌疫苗价格低廉，严重副作用罕见。然而，该疫苗的疗效和安全性受到质疑，其使用也受到限制。本文讨论了评估肺炎球菌疫苗接种适应证时应考虑的因素。免疫接种以及严格的抗生素使用政策是预防肺炎球菌疾病和抗生素耐药菌株传播的最有效手段。鼓励挪威医生根据目前的适应证使用肺炎球菌疫苗。
