Andersen S M, Glassman N S, Gold D A
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York 10003, USA.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Oct;75(4):845-61. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.75.4.845.
Using prior research on self and social inference (e.g., S. M. Andersen, 1984) and significant-other representations in social perception (S. M. Andersen & S. W. Cole, 1990), the present study examined a dual-factor conceptualization of self-other differences based on perspective differences and emotional-motivational relevance. Both factors were assumed to contribute to how private versus public aspects of the self, significant others, and nonsignificant others are structured in memory. In an idiographic-nomothetic design, participants' response latencies in completing sentences to characterize private and public aspects of each person were measured, and participants rated how well a pooled, randomized set of these predicates described each aspect of each person. Evidence showed differences in featural richness (availability), distinctiveness, and free-retrieval latency (accessibility) supporting the dual-factor conceptualization of self-other differences.
利用先前关于自我与社会推理的研究（例如，S.M.安德森，1984年）以及社会认知中重要他人表征的研究（S.M.安德森和S.W.科尔，1990年），本研究基于视角差异和情感动机相关性，考察了自我与他人差异的双因素概念化。假定这两个因素都有助于自我、重要他人和非重要他人的私人与公共方面在记忆中的构建方式。在个案法与通则法相结合的设计中，测量了参与者完成描述每个人私人与公共方面句子的反应潜伏期，并且参与者对一组汇总的、随机排列的这些谓语描述每个人每个方面的程度进行了评分。证据显示，在特征丰富性（可得性）、独特性和自由检索潜伏期（可及性）方面存在差异，支持了自我与他人差异的双因素概念化。
