Choudhry U K, Srivastava R, Fitch M I
Seneca College.
Oncol Nurs Forum. 1998 Nov-Dec;25(10):1693-701.
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To explore knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices regarding breast cancer detection practices among South Asian women.
Descriptive exploratory design.
Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
57 South Asian women, age 40 and over, who are first generation immigrants from India and Pakistan and speak one of the four languages identified for the study--Hindi, Punjabi, Gujarati, or Urdu.
An interview guide was designed specifically for this study. It contained questions regarding knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices about breast self-examination (BSE), clinical breast examination (CBE), and mammogram. In addition, questions assessing the variables of the Health Belief Model and health motivations also were included. The data were obtained during face-to-face interviews in the primary language of the participating woman. The interviews were transcribed and translated into English.
12% of the participants practiced BSE monthly, 49% had undergone at least one CBE during their lives, and 47% had never had a mammogram. The majority (54%) said they did not know very much about breast cancer. While 21% of the women said detecting cancer early was important, only 5% reported that cancer could be cured. Age, education, or mother tongue showed no statistically significant relationship with the breast health practice scores. However, proficiency with the English language (p = 0.009) and number of years in Canada (p = 0.009) had a significant relationship with the breast health practice scores. The significant explanatory factor for the variable breast health practices was a cue to action (p = 0.009).
South Asian women with minimal knowledge of breast cancer did not engage in breast cancer detection practices.
This segment of the population of immigrant women needs to be better informed about breast cancer and the benefits of breast cancer detection practices.
目的/目标：探讨南亚女性对乳腺癌检测方法的知识、态度、信念和行为。
描述性探索性设计。
加拿大多伦多安大略省。
57名40岁及以上的南亚女性，她们是来自印度和巴基斯坦的第一代移民，说研究确定的四种语言之一——印地语、旁遮普语、古吉拉特语或乌尔都语。
专门为该研究设计了一份访谈指南。其中包含有关乳房自我检查（BSE）、临床乳房检查（CBE）和乳房X光检查的知识、态度、信念和行为的问题。此外，还包括评估健康信念模型变量和健康动机的问题。数据通过与参与女性的母语进行面对面访谈获得。访谈内容被转录并翻译成英语。
12%的参与者每月进行乳房自我检查，49%的人一生中至少接受过一次临床乳房检查，47%的人从未进行过乳房X光检查。大多数人（54%）表示对乳腺癌了解不多。虽然21%的女性表示早期发现癌症很重要，但只有5%的人报告说癌症可以治愈。年龄、教育程度或母语与乳房健康行为得分没有统计学上的显著关系。然而，英语熟练程度（p = 0.009）和在加拿大的居住年限（p = 0.009）与乳房健康行为得分有显著关系。乳房健康行为这一变量的重要解释因素是行动提示（p = 0.009）。
对乳腺癌了解甚少的南亚女性没有采取乳腺癌检测措施。
这部分移民女性群体需要更好地了解乳腺癌以及乳腺癌检测措施的益处。
