Dolin P J, Faal H, Johnson G J, Ajewole J, Mohamed A A, Lee P S
International Centre for Eye Health, Institute of Ophthalmology, London.
Br J Ophthalmol. 1998 Aug;82(8):930-3. doi: 10.1136/bjo.82.8.930.
As part of the second National Survey of Blindness and Low Vision in the Gambia carried out in 1996, all survey participants were examined for signs of trachoma. The findings were compared with the results of the first survey in 1986, which used the same sampling strategy.
A multistage stratified cluster random sample, with proportional probability sampling, was obtained. Stratification included settlement size (less than 400 residents, and 400 and more residents). All subjects were examined for trachoma using the simplified WHO grading system.
Of the sample of 14,110 people, 13,047 (92.5%) were examined. Active inflammatory trachoma (grade TF or TI) was found in 3.0% of all age groups and 5.9% of children aged 0-9 years old. Trichiasis was found in 3.3% and trachomatous corneal opacities in 0.9% of adults aged 30 and over. The prevalence of blinding trachomatous corneal opacities was 0.02%, compared with 0.10% 10 years previously.
Compared with a previous national survey undertaken in 1986, prevalence of active trachoma has fallen by 54%. There has been an 80% relative reduction in blinding trachomatous corneal opacities over the 10 year period.
作为1996年在冈比亚开展的第二次全国盲症和视力低下调查的一部分，对所有参与调查者进行了沙眼体征检查。将检查结果与1986年首次采用相同抽样策略的调查结果进行了比较。
采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样，按比例概率抽样。分层包括定居点规模（居民少于400人以及居民400人及以上）。使用简化的世界卫生组织分级系统对所有受试者进行沙眼检查。
在14,110人的样本中，13,047人（92.5%）接受了检查。在所有年龄组中，活动性炎性沙眼（TF级或TI级）的检出率为3.0%，在0至9岁儿童中为5.9%。在30岁及以上成年人中，睑内翻的检出率为3.3%，沙眼性角膜混浊的检出率为0.9%。致盲性沙眼性角膜混浊的患病率为0.02%，而10年前为0.10%。
与1986年之前开展的全国性调查相比，活动性沙眼的患病率下降了54%。在这10年期间，致盲性沙眼性角膜混浊的相对患病率下降了80%。
