Hassmén P ], Koivula N, Hansson T
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden.
Percept Mot Skills. 1998 Jun;86(3 Pt 2):1443-57. doi: 10.2466/pms.1998.86.3c.1443.
The relationship between preperformance mood, measured by the Profile of Mood States inventory, and subsequent athletic performance has been the focus of considerable research. Presumably, athletes with less positive mood profiles should be outperformed by those with more favorable profiles. The results presented so far in the literature are equivocal. One possible explanation is that more stable trait characteristics might medicate mood states prior to competitive situations. In the present study, 8 male golf players, all members of the Swedish National Team, completed a number of trait inventories (Eysenck's Personality Inventory, Locus of Control, Sport Competition Anxiety Test, Self-consciousness Scale) prior to the competitive season. Subsequently, they completed the Profile of Mood States before each game played. Analysis showed that the players' preperformance mood states differed significantly and that these differences were associated with their scores on the trait inventories. Furthermore, preperformance mood states were significantly related to athletic performance for some individuals but not for others. Further research should also include trait measurements to understand better the relationship between mood states and the athletic performance of individual athletes.
通过情绪状态剖面图量表测量的赛前情绪与随后的运动表现之间的关系一直是大量研究的焦点。据推测，情绪状况较不积极的运动员应该会被情绪状况更有利的运动员超越。迄今为止文献中呈现的结果并不明确。一种可能的解释是，更稳定的特质特征可能会在竞争情境之前调节情绪状态。在本研究中，8名男性高尔夫球运动员，均为瑞典国家队队员，在赛季前完成了一些特质量表（艾森克人格问卷、控制点量表、运动竞赛焦虑测试、自我意识量表）。随后，他们在每场比赛前完成了情绪状态剖面图量表。分析表明，运动员的赛前情绪状态存在显著差异，且这些差异与他们在特质量表上的得分相关。此外，赛前情绪状态对一些个体的运动表现有显著影响，但对另一些个体则不然。进一步的研究还应包括特质测量，以更好地理解情绪状态与个体运动员运动表现之间的关系。
