Castell L M, Newsholme E A
University Department of Biochemistry, Oxford, U.K.
Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1998 May;76(5):524-32. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-76-5-524.
There is a high incidence of infections in athletes undergoing intense, prolonged training or participating in endurance races (e.g., the marathon), in particular, upper respiratory tract infections. Prolonged, exhaustive exercise can lower the plasma level of the amino acid, glutamine, which is an important fuel for some cells of the immune system and may have specific immunostimulatory effects. This could therefore be an important factor in the event of an impaired response of immune cells to opportunistic infections. The effects of feeding glutamine to sedentary individuals and to marathon and ultramarathon runners before and after prolonged, exhaustive exercise has been investigated in a series of studies that monitored the incidence of infections and some acute-phase response markers. Oral glutamine, compared with a placebo, appeared to have a beneficial effect on the incidence of infections reported by runners after a marathon.
在进行高强度、长时间训练或参加耐力比赛（如马拉松）的运动员中，感染的发生率很高，尤其是上呼吸道感染。长时间的力竭性运动可降低血浆中氨基酸谷氨酰胺的水平，谷氨酰胺是免疫系统某些细胞的重要燃料，可能具有特定的免疫刺激作用。因此，这可能是免疫细胞对机会性感染反应受损的一个重要因素。在一系列监测感染发生率和一些急性期反应标志物的研究中，对久坐不动的个体以及马拉松和超级马拉松运动员在长时间力竭性运动前后补充谷氨酰胺的效果进行了研究。与安慰剂相比，口服谷氨酰胺似乎对马拉松赛后跑步者报告的感染发生率有有益影响。
