Morgan G, Corbett S, Wlodarczyk J
New South Wales Health Department, Gladesville, Australia.
Am J Public Health. 1998 Dec;88(12):1761-6. doi: 10.2105/ajph.88.12.1761.
This study examined the effects of outdoor air pollutants on daily hospital admissions in Sydney, Australia.
A time-series analysis of counts of daily hospital admissions and outdoor air pollutants (1990 to 1994) was performed, by means of Poisson regression that allowed for overdispersion and autocorrelation.
An increase in daily maximum 1-hour concentration of nitrogen dioxide from the 10th to the 90th percentile was associated with an increase of 5.29% (95% confidence interval = 1.07, 9.68) in childhood asthma admissions and 4.60%(-0.17,9.61) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) admissions. A similar increase in daily maximum 1-hour particulate concentration was associated with an increase of 3.01% (-0.38, 6.52) in COPD admissions. An increase from the 10th to the 90th percentile in daily maximum 1-hour nitrogen dioxide, daily maximum 1-hour ozone, and daily mean particulate was associated with an increase in heart disease admissions among those 65 years and older of 6.71% (4.25, 9.23), 2.45% (-0.37, 5.35), and 2.82% (0.90, 4.77), respectively. Heart disease and childhood asthma were primarily associated with nitrogen dioxide; COPD was associated with both nitrogen dioxide and particulates.
Current levels of air pollution in Sydney are associated with increased hospitalization for respiratory and heart disease.
本研究探讨了澳大利亚悉尼室外空气污染物对每日医院入院人数的影响。
采用泊松回归对每日医院入院人数计数和室外空气污染物（1990年至1994年）进行时间序列分析，该方法考虑了过度离散和自相关。
二氧化氮每日最大1小时浓度从第10百分位数增加到第90百分位数，与儿童哮喘入院人数增加5.29%（95%置信区间=1.07，9.68）以及慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）入院人数增加4.60%（-0.17，9.61）相关。每日最大1小时颗粒物浓度的类似增加与COPD入院人数增加3.01%（-0.38，6.52）相关。二氧化氮每日最大1小时浓度、臭氧每日最大1小时浓度和颗粒物日均值从第10百分位数增加到第90百分位数，分别与65岁及以上人群心脏病入院人数增加6.71%（4.25，9.23）、2.45%（-0.37，5.35）和2.82%（0.90，4.77）相关。心脏病和儿童哮喘主要与二氧化氮有关；COPD与二氧化氮和颗粒物均有关。
悉尼目前的空气污染水平与呼吸和心脏病住院人数增加有关。
