MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1998 Nov 27;47(46):993-8.
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) causes serious invasive diseases among previously healthy children aged <5 years. Before the availability of conjugate vaccines in 1988, Hib was the most common cause of bacterial meningitis among preschool-aged children. Since 1993, the incidence of Hib invasive disease (defined as illness clinically compatible with invasive disease such as meningitis or sepsis, with isolation of the bacterium from a normally sterile site) among children aged <5 years has declined >95% in the United States. This report describes the continued decline of reported Hib invasive disease cases and underscores the need for investigation of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) invasive disease cases.
b型流感嗜血杆菌（Hib）可在5岁以下原本健康的儿童中引发严重的侵袭性疾病。在1988年出现结合疫苗之前，Hib是学龄前儿童细菌性脑膜炎最常见的病因。自1993年以来，美国5岁以下儿童中Hib侵袭性疾病（定义为临床上与侵袭性疾病如脑膜炎或败血症相符的疾病，且从通常无菌的部位分离出该细菌）的发病率已下降超过95%。本报告描述了报告的Hib侵袭性疾病病例的持续下降情况，并强调了对流感嗜血杆菌（Hi）侵袭性疾病病例进行调查的必要性。
