Roll C, Wallot M, Hanssler L
Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universität GHS, Essen.
Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 1998 Sep;202(5):207-11.
We performed a prospective study to see whether axillary temperature accurately reflects rectal temperature in premature and sick mature newborns nursed in incubators and whether axillary temperature measurement is better tolerated than rectal measurement. 561 pairs of rectal and axillary temperatures were obtained in 20 infants. Mean axillary temperatures were 0.16 degree C (SD 0.33 degree C) lower than rectal temperatures. In infants < 1000 g axillary temperatures were only 0.06 degree C (SD 0.30 degree C) lower than rectal temperatures whereas in infants > 2500 g axillary temperatures were 0.37 degree C (SD 0.38 degree C) lower than rectal temperatures. Our results show that axillary and rectal temperatures are interchangeable in extremely premature infants. In newborn infants however 0.4 degree C should be added to axillary temperatures to make them comparable to rectal temperatures. Assessment of infant behaviour during temperature measurement by the nursing staff showed that infants tolerated rectal better than axillary temperature measurements. The decision which kind of measurement will be performed can be taken individually for every infant.
我们进行了一项前瞻性研究，以观察在暖箱中护理的早产及患病足月儿中，腋温是否能准确反映直肠温度，以及测量腋温是否比直肠温度更易被接受。我们对20名婴儿进行了561组直肠温度与腋温的测量。平均腋温比直肠温度低0.16摄氏度（标准差0.33摄氏度）。在体重小于1000克的婴儿中，腋温仅比直肠温度低0.06摄氏度（标准差0.30摄氏度），而在体重大于2500克的婴儿中，腋温比直肠温度低0.37摄氏度（标准差0.38摄氏度）。我们的结果表明，在极早产儿中腋温和直肠温度可相互替代。然而，对于新生儿，应在腋温基础上加0.4摄氏度，使其与直肠温度具有可比性。护理人员对测量温度时婴儿行为的评估显示，婴儿对直肠温度测量的耐受性优于腋温测量。对于每个婴儿，可单独决定采用哪种测量方式。
