Sparling P B, Snow T K, Rosskopf L B, O'Donnell E M, Freedson P S, Byrnes W C
Department of Health and Performance Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta 30332, USA.
Br J Sports Med. 1998 Dec;32(4):315-8. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.32.4.315.
To evaluate total bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition (% fat) in world class women field hockey players, members of the 1996 United States Olympic team.
Whole body BMD (g/cm2) and relative body fatness (% fat) were assessed by dual energy x ray absorptiometry using a Lunar DPX-L unit with software version 1.3z. Body composition was also estimated by hydrostatic weighing and the sum of seven skinfolds.
Mean (SD) BMD was 1.253 (0.048) g/cm2 which is 113.2 (4.0)% of age and weight adjusted norms. Estimates of body composition from the three methods were similar (statistically non-significant): 16.1 (4.4)% fat from dual energy x ray absorptiometry, 17.6 (3.2)% from hydrostatic weighing, and 16.9 (2.6)% from the sum of seven skinfolds. Mean fat free mass was approximately 50 kg.
The mean whole body BMD value for members of the 1996 United States Olympic women's field hockey team is one of the highest reported for any women's sports team. Moreover, the mean fat free mass per unit height was quite high and % fat was low. In this group of world class sportswomen, low % fat was not associated with low BMD.
评估1996年美国奥运代表队成员、世界级女子曲棍球运动员的总骨密度（BMD）和身体成分（脂肪百分比）。
使用配备1.3z软件版本的Lunar DPX-L设备，通过双能X线吸收法评估全身骨密度（g/cm²）和相对体脂率（脂肪百分比）。还通过水下称重法和七处皮褶厚度之和来估算身体成分。
平均（标准差）骨密度为1.253（0.048）g/cm²，是年龄和体重调整后标准值的113.2（4.0）%。三种方法对身体成分的估算结果相似（无统计学显著差异）：双能X线吸收法得出的体脂率为16.1（4.4）%，水下称重法为17.6（3.2）%，七处皮褶厚度之和为16.9（2.6）%。平均去脂体重约为50千克。
1996年美国奥运女子曲棍球队队员的平均全身骨密度值是所有女子运动队中报告的最高值之一。此外，单位身高的平均去脂体重相当高，而脂肪百分比则较低。在这群世界级女运动员中，低脂肪百分比与低骨密度无关。
