Drexler H G, Minowada J
DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms & Cell Cultures Dept. of Human and Animal Cell Cultures, Braunschweig.
Leuk Lymphoma. 1998 Oct;31(3-4):305-16. doi: 10.3109/10428199809059223.
Continuous human leukemia-lymphoma cell lines have become indispensable tools in hematological research since the establishment of the first human lymphoma cell line Raji in 1963. We summarize here historical landmarks in the establishment of unique leukemia-lymphoma-derived cell lines from the various cell lineages; their special importance in hematopoietic research is emphasized. The first cell lines were derived from African Burkitt lymphomas and were found to integrate the Epstein-Barr virus in their genome leading to the discovery and isolation of this virus. However, it was later recognized that not every cell line derived from a patient with leukemia-lymphoma represents a malignant cell line as residual normal B-lymphocytes can also be immortalized by EBV infection. During the following 20-30 years many other types of hematopoietic cell lines, commonly derived from hematopoietic neoplasms, were established. These panels of cell lines now span almost the whole spectrum of hematopoietic cell lineages (except for dendritric cells) and the various distinct stages of differentiation along the respective cell axes. From early on, cell lines became important tools for basic and clinical hematological research, initially mainly in the field of immunology, but later expanding to other areas also. It became apparent that leukemia-lymphoma cell lines are of monoclonal origin, are arrested at a discrete maturational stage during differentiation in each lineage, and show sustained and growth factor-independent or -dependent unlimited proliferation. Categorization of cell lines might best be based on the physiological stages of hematopoietic differentiation in the various cell lineages. For an adequate classification, detailed characterizations of both the cell lines and the primary cells from which the cell lines originated are absolutely mandatory. In summary, the availability of large numbers of continuous leukemia-lymphoma cell lines has greatly facilitated clinical and immunobiological studies of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Human leukemia-lymphoma cell lines will continue to provide exquisite model systems for many biomedical disciplines.
自1963年首个人类淋巴瘤细胞系Raji建立以来，连续传代的人类白血病 - 淋巴瘤细胞系已成为血液学研究中不可或缺的工具。在此，我们总结了从各种细胞谱系建立独特的白血病 - 淋巴瘤衍生细胞系的历史里程碑；强调了它们在造血研究中的特殊重要性。首个细胞系源自非洲伯基特淋巴瘤，发现其基因组中整合了爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒，从而导致了该病毒的发现和分离。然而，后来人们认识到，并非每个源自白血病 - 淋巴瘤患者的细胞系都代表恶性细胞系，因为残留的正常B淋巴细胞也可通过EBV感染而永生化。在随后的20 - 30年里，建立了许多其他类型的造血细胞系，通常源自造血肿瘤。这些细胞系涵盖了几乎整个造血细胞谱系（除树突状细胞外）以及沿各自细胞轴的不同分化阶段。从早期开始，细胞系就成为基础和临床血液学研究的重要工具，最初主要在免疫学领域，但后来也扩展到其他领域。很明显，白血病 - 淋巴瘤细胞系起源于单克隆，在每个谱系的分化过程中停滞在离散的成熟阶段，并表现出持续的、不依赖或依赖生长因子且不受限制的增殖。细胞系的分类最好基于各种细胞谱系中造血分化的生理阶段。为了进行充分的分类，对细胞系及其起源的原代细胞进行详细表征是绝对必要的。总之，大量连续传代的白血病 - 淋巴瘤细胞系的可用性极大地促进了对正常和恶性造血的临床和免疫生物学研究。人类白血病 - 淋巴瘤细胞系将继续为许多生物医学学科提供精妙的模型系统。
