Norton S, Mullenix P, Culver B
Brain Res. 1976 Oct 29;116(1):49-67. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(76)90248-1.
Nocturnal hyperactivity, as measured by photocell counts of locomotion in a residential maze, was produced in rats by 3 different kinds of brain damage, X-irradiation at gestational day 14 or 15, exposure to carbon monoxide on the fifth day of postnatal life, or bilateral stereotaxic lesions of the globus pallidus in adult rats. These brain-damaged rats and their controls were photographed at 1 frame/sec during their first exploratory experience in a simple cage. Frequency of 15 motor acts, duration of each occurrence and associations of pairs of acts were calculated. The 15 motor acts were divided into 3 clusters of acts labeled grooming, exploratory and attention behaviors. Hyperactivity was associated with shortened durations and increases in frequency of exploratory acts, while grooming and attention behaviors tended to decrease in duration and frequency. Sequences of behavior acts were less structured in hyperactive animals than in controls. In spite of the marked differences known to be produced on brain structures by the 3 different kinds of damage, no changes in behavior structure were found which were uniquely associated with one kind of brain damage. Hyperactivity appeared to be a continuum in that the intensity of effects produced on behavior as measured by the photographic technique correlated well with the amount of increase in photocell activity.
通过在居住迷宫中对大鼠运动进行光电计数来测量的夜间多动，可由3种不同类型的脑损伤在大鼠中诱发，即在妊娠第14或15天进行X射线照射、在出生后第5天暴露于一氧化碳，或对成年大鼠进行双侧苍白球立体定向损伤。在这些脑损伤大鼠及其对照首次在简单笼子中进行探索时，以每秒1帧的速度拍摄它们。计算了15种运动行为的频率、每次出现的持续时间以及行为对之间的关联。这15种运动行为被分为3类行为集群，分别标记为梳理、探索和注意力行为。多动与探索行为持续时间缩短和频率增加有关，而梳理和注意力行为的持续时间和频率则趋于减少。多动动物的行为序列结构不如对照动物有序。尽管已知这3种不同类型的损伤会对脑结构产生显著差异，但未发现与一种脑损伤独特相关的行为结构变化。多动似乎是一个连续体，因为通过摄影技术测量的行为所产生的效应强度与光电活动的增加量密切相关。
