Boyd J R, Hunsberger M
Division of Neurology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
J Pediatr Nurs. 1998 Dec;13(6):330-42. doi: 10.1016/S0882-5963(98)80021-3.
This qualitative research study used grounded theory methodology to learn from chronically ill children who are repeatedly hospitalized how they cope and how they feel others can assist them to cope with their recurrent hospital experiences. Six hospitalized children, ages 10 to 13 years, with various chronic conditions participated in an audiotaped interview, completed a drawing and kept a journal. The subjects identified their perceived stressors of hospitalization; revealed their use of both cognitive and behavioral coping strategies; described how hospital personnel, family, and friends enhanced their coping; and illustrated the impact of the hospital environment on their coping process. From comparison of the data, it is theorized that chronically ill children who are repeatedly hospitalized become adept at identifying and implementing a repertoire of coping strategies, accessing family and friends as resources in the coping process, developing patterns of coping with their parents, and utilizing the hospital environment to promote coping. Their coping is enhanced by familiarity and knowledge and by the respect and patience of gentle, supportive, and competent health care professionals.
这项定性研究采用扎根理论方法，向那些反复住院的慢性病患儿了解他们如何应对，以及他们认为他人怎样能够帮助他们应对反复住院的经历。六名年龄在10至13岁、患有各种慢性病的住院儿童参与了一次录音访谈，完成了一幅画作并记了日记。研究对象确定了他们所感知到的住院压力源；揭示了他们对认知和行为应对策略的运用；描述了医院工作人员、家人和朋友如何增强他们的应对能力；并说明了医院环境对他们应对过程的影响。通过对数据的比较，理论推测反复住院的慢性病患儿会变得善于识别和实施一系列应对策略，在应对过程中将家人和朋友作为资源加以利用，形成与父母的应对模式，并利用医院环境来促进应对。熟悉程度、知识以及温和、支持性且称职的医护人员所给予的尊重和耐心会增强他们的应对能力。
