Lee K A, McEnany G, Weekes D
School of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 1999 Jan;24(1):16-20. doi: 10.1016/s1054-139x(98)00074-3.
To describe gender differences in self-reported sleep disturbances and daytime sleepiness in an urban sample of early adolescents (11-14 years of age).
One hundred and forty-four racially diverse sixth- to eighth-grade students responded to an investigator-developed sleep questionnaire. Variables included school night and weekend sleep patterns as well as factors that influence sleep and daytime sleepiness, such as sleep/wake routine and alcohol and caffeine consumption.
Boys consumed significantly more caffeinated beverages than girls, but this did not correlate with self-reports of waking after sleep onset. Caffeine intake was significantly related to self-reported parasomnias. Significant gender differences were found for self-reports of daytime sleepiness. There were also large variations between weekday and weekend sleep schedules. Weekday wakeup time for boys was significantly later compared to girls. Those who reported consumption of alcohol during the past week were likely to fall asleep in the classroom before lunch. Girls, who awakened earlier than boys on school days, were more likely to report falling asleep on the way home from school.
These descriptive data support the need for further investigation into the relationship between caffeine intake and parasomnias, as well as into the observed gender differences.
描述城市中青少年（11至14岁）样本中自我报告的睡眠障碍和日间嗜睡的性别差异。
144名来自不同种族的六年级至八年级学生回答了一份由研究者编制的睡眠问卷。变量包括上学日晚上和周末的睡眠模式，以及影响睡眠和日间嗜睡的因素，如睡眠/觉醒规律、酒精和咖啡因摄入量。
男孩饮用含咖啡因饮料的量显著多于女孩，但这与入睡后醒来的自我报告无关。咖啡因摄入量与自我报告的异态睡眠显著相关。在日间嗜睡的自我报告方面发现了显著的性别差异。工作日和周末的睡眠时间表也有很大差异。与女孩相比，男孩在工作日的起床时间显著更晚。那些报告在过去一周饮酒的人很可能在午餐前在课堂上睡着。在上学日比男孩醒得早的女孩更有可能报告在放学回家的路上睡着。
这些描述性数据支持进一步研究咖啡因摄入量与异态睡眠之间的关系，以及观察到的性别差异。
