Stuart S, Pfohl B, Battaglia M, Bellodi L, Grove W, Cadoret R
University of Iowa, Department of Psychiatry, Iowa City 52242, USA.
J Pers Disord. 1998 Winter;12(4):302-15. doi: 10.1521/pedi.1998.12.4.302.
The distinction between personality disorder diagnoses is often unclear because of the frequent cooccurrence of one or more of the diagnoses. To date, studies using sample sizes large enough to evaluate the rates of cooccurrence in the less prevalent personality disorders have not been conducted. The Structured Interview for Diagnosis of Personality-Revised, a semistructured instrument designed to yield reliable personality disorder diagnoses, was used to evaluate 1116 subjects for the presence of DSM-III-R personality disorder diagnoses. Cooccurrence rates and odds ratios were calculated for each pair of diagnoses. There was a high degree of cooccurrence between the cluster A personality disorders, between the cluster C personality disorders, and between narcissistic, borderline, and histrionic disorders. In addition, there was also a high frequency of avoidant personality disorders within the cluster A personality disorder diagnoses. Possible explanations for the high degree of cooccurrence and the potential implications for the DSM-IV personality disorder diagnoses are discussed.
由于一种或多种人格障碍诊断常常同时出现，人格障碍诊断之间的区别往往并不明确。迄今为止，尚未开展样本量足够大的研究来评估较少见的人格障碍的共病率。《人格诊断结构化访谈修订版》是一种旨在得出可靠的人格障碍诊断的半结构化工具，用于评估1116名受试者是否存在《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第三版修订本（DSM-III-R）中的人格障碍诊断。计算了每对诊断的共病率和优势比。A类人格障碍之间、C类人格障碍之间、自恋型、边缘型和表演型障碍之间存在高度共病。此外，在A类人格障碍诊断中，回避型人格障碍的出现频率也很高。文中讨论了高度共病的可能解释以及对《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版（DSM-IV）人格障碍诊断的潜在影响。
