Williams C, Elnif J, Buddington R K
Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, USA.
Acta Vet Scand. 1998;39(4):473-82. doi: 10.1186/BF03547773.
Total numbers of aerotolerant and anaerobic bacteria, and densities of Enterobacteriaceae, lactobacilli, staphylococci, salmonella and shigella, and campylobacteria were enumerated in the contents of the stomach, small intestine (and the associated mucosa), and colon of mink beginning at 2 weeks of age to adulthood, and in adults that were fed diets with different levels and types of fiber or food deprived. Highest densities of all bacterial groups were found in the colon at all ages (up to 10(8) cfu per g for total anaerobes), but were 2-4 orders of magnitude lower than those of other mammals. When all regions were pooled, significant age-related increases (p < 0.05) were detected for anaerobes, aerobes, and staphylococci, and these coincided with the dietary shift at weaning. Enterobacteriaceae did not vary with age. Lactobacilli were never common isolates, but were detected more often after weaning, particularly in adults fed diets containing the 2 sources of fiber. Campylobacteria were detected only at 2 weeks of age, and salmonella and shigella were not isolated from any of the experimental mink. Total bacterial densities, the relative proportions of the bacterial groups, and age- and diet-related effects differ from those known for other mammals, which may be related to the carnivorous diet and rapid movement of digesta through the GIT.
从2周龄到成年期，对水貂胃、小肠（及相关黏膜）和结肠内容物中的耐氧菌和厌氧菌总数，以及肠杆菌科、乳酸菌、葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和弯曲杆菌的密度进行了计数，并对喂食不同水平和类型纤维饲料或禁食的成年水貂进行了计数。在所有年龄段，所有细菌组的最高密度均在结肠中发现（总厌氧菌高达每克10(8) cfu），但比其他哺乳动物低2 - 4个数量级。当所有区域合并时，检测到厌氧菌、需氧菌和葡萄球菌随年龄有显著增加（p < 0.05），且这些与断奶时的饮食转变一致。肠杆菌科不随年龄变化。乳酸菌从未成为常见分离菌，但断奶后检测到的频率更高，尤其是在喂食含有两种纤维来源饲料的成年水貂中。弯曲杆菌仅在2周龄时被检测到，沙门氏菌和志贺氏菌未从任何实验水貂中分离出来。细菌总数、细菌组的相对比例以及与年龄和饮食相关的影响与其他哺乳动物不同，这可能与肉食性饮食以及消化物在胃肠道中的快速移动有关。
