Leslie E, Owen N, Salmon J, Bauman A, Sallis J F, Lo S K
School of Human Movement, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
Prev Med. 1999 Jan;28(1):20-7. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1998.0375.
A sustainable pattern of participation in physical activity is important in the maintenance of health and prevention of disease. College students are in transition from an active youth to a more sedentary adult behavior pattern.
We assessed self-reported physical activity and other characteristics in a sample of 2,729 male and female students (median age was 20 years) recruited from representative courses and year levels at four Australian College campuses. They were categorized as sufficiently or insufficiently active, using estimates of energy expenditure (kcal/week) derived from self-reported physical activity. Personal factors (self-efficacy, job status, enjoyment), social factors (social support from family/friends), and environmental factors (awareness of facilities, gym membership) were also assessed.
Forty-seven percent of females and 32% of males were insufficiently active. For females, the significant independent predictors of being insufficiently active were lower social support from family and friends, lower enjoyment of activity, and not working. For males, predictors were lower social support from family and friends, lower enjoyment of activity, and being older.
Factors associated with physical activity participation (particularly social support from family and friends) can inform physical activity strategies directed at young adults in the college setting.
保持可持续的体育活动模式对于维持健康和预防疾病至关重要。大学生正从活跃的青年时期过渡到久坐不动的成人行为模式。
我们对从澳大利亚四所大学校园具有代表性的课程和年级中招募的2729名男女学生（年龄中位数为20岁）进行了自我报告的体育活动及其他特征的评估。根据自我报告的体育活动得出的能量消耗估计值（千卡/周），将他们分为体育活动充足或不足两类。还评估了个人因素（自我效能感、工作状态、享受程度）、社会因素（来自家人/朋友的社会支持）和环境因素（对设施的了解、健身会员资格）。
47%的女性和32%的男性体育活动不足。对于女性而言，体育活动不足的显著独立预测因素是来自家人和朋友的社会支持较低、对活动的享受程度较低以及没有工作。对于男性来说，预测因素是来自家人和朋友的社会支持较低、对活动的享受程度较低以及年龄较大。
与体育活动参与相关的因素（特别是来自家人和朋友的社会支持）可为针对大学环境中青年的体育活动策略提供参考。
