De Melker H E, Conyn-van Spaendonck M A
Department of Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
Epidemiol Infect. 1998 Dec;121(3):637-43. doi: 10.1017/s0950268898001587.
Mass vaccination can change the epidemiological dynamics of infectious diseases. It may result in a limited persistence of natural and vaccine-induced immunity and a higher mean age of infection, which may lead to a greater risk of complications. The epidemiological situation should be monitored and immunosurveillance based on the assessment of specific antibodies against vaccine-preventable diseases in human serum is one of the tools. In order to estimate the immunity of the Dutch population reliably, a large-scale, population-based, collection of serum samples was established (8359 sera in a nation-wide sampling and 1589 sera from municipalities with low vaccine coverage). In contrast to collecting residual sera from laboratories, this approach gains extensive information by means of a questionnaire regarding the determinants of the immune status and the risk factors for the transmission of infectious diseases in general. The population-based approach gives a better guarantee that the data are representative than collecting sera from laboratories does.
大规模疫苗接种可改变传染病的流行病学动态。这可能导致自然免疫和疫苗诱导免疫的持续时间有限，以及感染的平均年龄升高，进而可能导致并发症风险增加。应监测流行病学情况，基于对人血清中针对疫苗可预防疾病的特异性抗体评估的免疫监测是其中一项工具。为了可靠地估计荷兰人群的免疫力，建立了大规模的、基于人群的血清样本收集（全国抽样8359份血清，以及来自疫苗接种覆盖率低的市政当局的1589份血清）。与从实验室收集剩余血清不同，这种方法通过一份关于免疫状态决定因素和一般传染病传播风险因素的问卷获取广泛信息。与从实验室收集血清相比，基于人群的方法能更好地保证数据具有代表性。
