Dijkstra A, De Vries H, Roijackers J
Department of Health Education, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 1999 Feb;28(2):203-11. doi: 10.1006/pmed.1998.0407.
Few smoking cessation self-help materials are available for smokers who are not planning to quit. However, computer-tailored interventions can be designed specifically for these smokers.
In a large randomized field trial (N = 843), two different tailored smoking cessation self-help interventions (multiple tailoring and single tailoring) and one standardized smoking cessation self-help guide were compared with a no-information control group and with each other. The contents of the tailored interventions were adapted to individuals' self-reported stage of change, outcome expectations, self-efficacy levels, and smoking behavior.
The primary outcome measure was forward stage transition. The standardized self-help guide had no effect. Among smokers who were not planning to quit within the next 5 years the multiple-tailored intervention was more effective than the single-tailored intervention. This pattern was supported by the cognitive changes caused by the interventions. Among smokers who were planning to quit within the next 5 years but not within the next 6 months, none of the self-help materials had any effect.
The present results show that the self-help material currently available in the Netherlands, the standardized self-help guide, was not effective among smokers with low readiness to change. However, computer-generated tailored interventions seem a promising means of communicating information on smoking and smoking cessation to these smokers.
对于不打算戒烟的吸烟者而言，几乎没有戒烟自助材料可供使用。然而，计算机定制干预措施可以专门为这些吸烟者设计。
在一项大型随机现场试验（N = 843）中，将两种不同的定制戒烟自助干预措施（多重定制和单一定制）以及一本标准化戒烟自助指南与无信息对照组进行比较，并相互比较。定制干预措施的内容根据个体自我报告的改变阶段、结果期望、自我效能水平和吸烟行为进行调整。
主要结局指标是向前的阶段转变。标准化自助指南没有效果。在未来5年内不打算戒烟的吸烟者中，多重定制干预措施比单一定制干预措施更有效。这种模式得到了干预措施引起的认知变化的支持。在未来5年内打算戒烟但在未来6个月内不打算戒烟的吸烟者中，没有一种自助材料有任何效果。
目前的结果表明，荷兰现有的自助材料，即标准化自助指南，在改变意愿较低的吸烟者中无效。然而，计算机生成的定制干预措施似乎是向这些吸烟者传播吸烟和戒烟信息的一种有前途的手段。
