Jacobsen C
Dept of Physics and Astronomy, State University of New York at Stony Brook 11794-3800, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 1999 Feb;9(2):44-7. doi: 10.1016/s0962-8924(98)01424-x.
Soft x-ray microscopes are beginning to provide information to complement that obtained from optical and electron microscopy. Soft x-ray microscopy can deliver 30-nm resolution images of hydrated cells up to approximately 10 microns thick, and efforts towards obtaining higher resolution are under way. Although living specimens cannot be studied readily except in single exposures, fixed samples can be imaged at high resolution, and flash-frozen specimens can be studied without chemical modification and without significant radiation damage. Tomography is being developed for 3-D imaging, and spectromicroscopy offers unique capabilities for biochemical mapping of unlabelled structures beyond those of gold and fluorescent labels. Currently, most soft x-ray microscopes operate at synchrotron radiation facilities, but laboratory-scale microscopes are being developed too.
软X射线显微镜开始提供信息，以补充从光学显微镜和电子显微镜获得的信息。软X射线显微镜可以提供厚度达约10微米的水合细胞的30纳米分辨率图像，并且正在努力获得更高的分辨率。虽然除了单次曝光外，活体标本不易研究，但固定样本可以进行高分辨率成像，快速冷冻的标本可以在不进行化学修饰且无明显辐射损伤的情况下进行研究。断层扫描技术正在开发用于三维成像，而光谱显微镜为未标记结构的生化图谱提供了超越金和荧光标记的独特能力。目前，大多数软X射线显微镜在同步辐射设施中运行，但实验室规模的显微镜也正在开发中。
