Visser L E, Cano Portero R, Gay N J, Martínez Navarro J F
European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training, Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Madrid, Spain.
Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1999 Jan;88(426):72-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1999.tb14330.x.
The epidemiology of rotavirus infection in Spain was investigated using information from existing surveillance systems. Reports from laboratories and data on hospital admissions were used to estimate the number of hospital admissions due to rotavirus infection. Between January 1989 and December 1995 there were 8265 reports of rotavirus identification in the Sistema de Información Microbiológica, a voluntary national laboratory surveillance system. Where age was reported, 89.2% were in children under 5 y old. This represents 21.8% of all pathogens identified in faecal specimens in children of this age group. Between January and December 1994 there were 5639 admissions coded as "infectious intestinal disease" and 8225 as "non-infective gastroenteritis" in children under 5 y of age in the Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos, an obligatory hospital admissions surveillance system which covers 83% of public hospitals. Using regression analysis of admission data and laboratory reports it was estimated that rotavirus infection accounted for 3519 (25.3%) of the hospital admissions. We estimate that 4239 admissions attributable to rotavirus occurred in children under 5 y of age in Spain in 1994, a rate of 2.5/1000 population in this age group. These estimates are lower than those published for other countries, where the burden of disease is considered high enough to warrant a national vaccination programme. A cost-effectiveness study with Spanish information is essential before embarking on a national vaccination programme.
利用现有监测系统提供的信息，对西班牙轮状病毒感染的流行病学情况进行了调查。实验室报告以及医院入院数据被用于估算因轮状病毒感染而住院的人数。在1989年1月至1995年12月期间，国家微生物信息系统（一个自愿性的全国实验室监测系统）收到了8265份轮状病毒鉴定报告。报告了年龄的病例中，89.2%为5岁以下儿童。这占该年龄组儿童粪便标本中鉴定出的所有病原体的21.8%。在1994年1月至12月期间，在基本最小数据集（一个涵盖83%公立医院的强制性医院入院监测系统）中，5岁以下儿童有5639例入院病例被编码为“感染性肠道疾病”，8225例被编码为“非感染性肠胃炎”。通过对入院数据和实验室报告进行回归分析，估计轮状病毒感染占住院病例的3519例（25.3%）。我们估计，1994年西班牙5岁以下儿童中因轮状病毒感染导致的入院病例有4239例，该年龄组的发病率为2.5/1000人口。这些估计值低于其他国家公布的数据，在那些国家，疾病负担被认为高到足以实施全国性疫苗接种计划。在开展全国性疫苗接种计划之前，利用西班牙的信息进行成本效益研究至关重要。
