Anderson C M
College of Allied Health and Nursing, Eastern Kentucky University, Richmond.
Health Care Superv. 1990 Jul;8(4):1-8.
To reduce stress, most people and organizations need to improve their skills in recognizing and coping with stressors. Department plans like the one described provide a good method of understanding and learning to cope with specific stressors. Researchers analyzed the effects of a stress management plan for registered nurses in an acute care hospital. This plan, called stress inoculation, began with education on stress and coping skills. The nurses were then exposed to the real-life stressors and expected to use the newly learned coping skills. Later, the nurses were asked to evaluate the effectiveness of the coping skills. The results of the study showed that the nurses' stress was reduced through stress management and that coping skills were the key ingredient. Education was needed to teach the coping skills, but by itself, education showed no benefit. If supervisors and employees remain committed to the departmental stress management plan throughout the six phases, the likelihood of reducing stress, improving morale, and increasing productivity is high.
为了减轻压力，大多数人和组织需要提高识别和应对压力源的技能。像上述所描述的部门计划提供了一种了解和学习应对特定压力源的好方法。研究人员分析了一家急症医院针对注册护士的压力管理计划的效果。这个计划名为压力接种，始于关于压力和应对技能的教育。护士们随后接触到现实生活中的压力源，并被期望运用新学到的应对技能。之后，护士们被要求评估应对技能的有效性。研究结果表明，通过压力管理，护士们的压力得到了减轻，而应对技能是关键因素。需要通过教育来传授应对技能，但仅靠教育本身并没有效果。如果主管和员工在六个阶段中始终致力于部门压力管理计划，那么减轻压力、提高士气和提高生产力的可能性就很大。
