Connell A M
Am J Clin Nutr. 1978 Oct;31(10 Suppl):S152-S156. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/31.10.S152.
For normal individuals and probably for persons with diverticular disease, dietary fiber affects stool bulk and decreases transit time. The unproven rationale for the use of fiber in irritable colon and diverticular disease assumes that these diseases are the result of increased intraluminal pressure caused by excessive segmentation over a period of years. In short-term experiments, certain fibrous materials do decrease intraluminal pressures, usually in response to a stimulus such as food but sometimes under resting conditions as well. It seems likely that the physical and probably chemical characteristics of fiber influence the motor responses of the alimentary tract. Anecdotal testimonials to the merits of fiber abound, but firm evidence that even wheat bran, the most commonly studied fiber, is effective is difficult to obtain. Controlled clinical trials have been attempted and to date have given conflicting results. Careful studies using a number of well-defined fibrous materials are urgently required to determine the physiological mechanisms of action of different fibers on gastrointestinal motor activity.
对于正常个体以及可能患有憩室病的人来说，膳食纤维会影响粪便体积并缩短转运时间。在肠易激综合征和憩室病中使用纤维的未经证实的理论依据是，这些疾病是多年来过度节段性收缩导致肠腔内压力升高的结果。在短期实验中，某些纤维材料确实会降低肠腔内压力，通常是对食物等刺激的反应，但有时在静息状态下也会出现这种情况。纤维的物理特性以及可能的化学特性似乎会影响消化道的运动反应。关于纤维优点的传闻不胜枚举，但即使是最常研究的纤维——麦麸，要获得其有效的确凿证据也很困难。人们已经尝试进行对照临床试验，迄今为止结果相互矛盾。迫切需要使用多种明确的纤维材料进行仔细研究，以确定不同纤维对胃肠运动活动的生理作用机制。
