Cardol M, Brandsma J W, de Groot I J, van den Bos G A, de Haan R J, de Jong B A
Department of Rehabilitation, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Disabil Rehabil. 1999 Mar;21(3):97-105. doi: 10.1080/096382899297819.
There is an increasing need to get insight into the social and societal impact of chronic conditions on a person's life, i.e. person-perceived handicap. The purpose of this study is to report how current handicap questionnaires assess handicap.
A literature search using both Medline and the database of the Dutch Institute of Allied Health Professions (NPi) was conducted for handicap questionnaires. Questionnaires were included if addressing handicaps or life roles, environmental influences and social consequences of a disease. Excluded were questionnaires focusing on only impairments, disabilities or quality of life.
20 questionnaires were identified. Handicap is not uniformly defined in these questionnaires. Based on different concepts, the various questionnaires encompass different domains and different aspects are emphasized in similar domains. Fourteen questionnaires assess society-perceived handicaps, and do not address the life roles, care needs or individual problem-experience. Six questionnaires are to some extent person-perceived, but a generic person-perceived handicap questionnaire could not be identified. It is concluded that development of a generic person-perceived handicap questionnaire is essential for adequate assessment of needs, outcome, and relevance of rehabilitation interventions from the individual's point of view.
深入了解慢性病对个人生活的社会及社会影响，即个人所感知的残疾状况的需求日益增加。本研究旨在报告当前残疾问卷如何评估残疾情况。
利用医学文献数据库（Medline）和荷兰联合健康职业研究所（NPi）的数据库对残疾问卷进行文献检索。若问卷涉及疾病的残疾或生活角色、环境影响及社会后果，则纳入研究。仅关注损伤、残疾或生活质量的问卷被排除。
共识别出20份问卷。这些问卷对残疾的定义并不统一。基于不同概念，各类问卷涵盖不同领域，且相似领域中强调的不同方面也有所不同。14份问卷评估的是社会所感知的残疾情况，未涉及生活角色、护理需求或个人问题体验。6份问卷在一定程度上是个人所感知的，但未找到通用的个人所感知残疾问卷。结论是，开发通用的个人所感知残疾问卷对于从个体角度充分评估康复干预的需求、结果及相关性至关重要。
