Ciner E B, Dobson V, Schmidt P P, Allen D, Cyert L, Maguire M, Moore B, Orel-Bixler D, Schultz J
Pennsylvania College of Optometry, Philadelphia, USA.
Surv Ophthalmol. 1999 Mar-Apr;43(5):445-57. doi: 10.1016/s0039-6257(99)00021-1.
A state-by-state survey regarding preschool vision screening guidelines, policies, and procedures was conducted. Currently 34 states provide vision screening guidelines and 15 states require vision screening of at least some of their preschool-aged children. The Department of Public Health administers the programs in 26 states, the Department of Education in 13. A wide range of professional and lay personnel conduct preschool vision screenings, and nurses participate in the screening process in 22 states. Visual acuity is assessed in 30 states, eye alignment in 24 states, refractive error in eight states, and color vision in 10 states. A combination of screening tests is recommended in 24 states. Currently, 45 states do not require screening of all preschool children. Thus, although laws, guidelines, and recommendations exist in most states, many preschool-age children do not have access to vision screening programs.
开展了一项关于各州学前视力筛查指南、政策和程序的调查。目前，34个州提供视力筛查指南，15个州要求对至少部分学龄前儿童进行视力筛查。26个州的公共卫生部门负责管理这些项目，13个州由教育部门负责。各类专业人员和非专业人员都参与学前视力筛查，22个州有护士参与筛查过程。30个州评估视力，24个州评估眼位，8个州评估屈光不正，10个州评估色觉。24个州建议采用多种筛查测试相结合的方式。目前，45个州并不要求对所有学龄前儿童进行筛查。因此，尽管大多数州都有相关法律、指南和建议，但许多学龄前儿童无法获得视力筛查项目。
