Burt J S
School of Psychology, University of Queensland, Australia.
Mem Cognit. 1999 May;27(3):454-64. doi: 10.3758/bf03211540.
In Experiment 1, color-naming interference for target stimuli following associated primes was greater in a group making a lexical decision to the prime than in a group reading the prime silently. High-frequency targets were responded to more quickly than low-frequency targets. In Experiment 2, with subjects naming the prime, there was evidence of associative interference when the prime and the target were grouped temporally but not when the intertrial interval was comparable with the prime-target interval. Associative primes presented at a short (120-msec) prime-target stimulus onset asynchrony facilitated color naming in Experiment 3. Taken together, the results suggest that the effect of faster processing of the base word in a color-naming task is facilitatory and that color-naming priming interference arises when associative prime processing increases conflict between word and color responses by enhancing phonological or articulatory activation of the base word.
在实验1中，相比于默读启动词的组，对启动词进行词汇判断的组在与启动词相关联的目标刺激之后出现的颜色命名干扰更大。高频目标的反应速度比低频目标更快。在实验2中，当要求被试说出启动词时，有证据表明，当启动词和目标在时间上分组时会出现联想干扰，但当试次间隔与启动词 - 目标间隔相当时则不会出现。在实验3中，以短的（120毫秒）启动词 - 目标刺激起始异步呈现的联想启动词促进了颜色命名。综合来看，结果表明在颜色命名任务中对基础词更快加工的效果具有促进作用，并且当联想启动词加工通过增强基础词的语音或发音激活来增加单词和颜色反应之间的冲突时，就会出现颜色命名启动干扰。
