Holcomb P J, Kounios J, Anderson J E, West W C
Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachussetts 02155, USA.
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1999 May;25(3):721-42. doi: 10.1037//0278-7393.25.3.721.
Event-related potentials were recorded in 2 experiments while participants read sentences in a word-by-word congruency judgment task. Sentence final words were either congruent, semantically anomalous (Experiments 1 and 2), or neutral (Experiment 2) with respect to sentence context. Half of all final words referred to concrete and half to abstract concepts. A different scalp distribution of the N400 to concrete and abstract final words was found for anomalous and neutral, but not congruent sentences. Although the interaction of context and concreteness is consistent with the context-availability model, the differential scalp distribution of effects for concrete and abstract words, as well as larger context effects for concrete words, was interpreted as being more consistent with an extended dual-code account of semantic processing.
在两项实验中记录了事件相关电位，实验中参与者在逐词一致性判断任务中阅读句子。句子的最后一个词在句子语境方面要么是一致的、语义异常的（实验1和实验2），要么是中性的（实验2）。所有最后一个词中有一半指代具体概念，另一半指代抽象概念。对于异常和中性句子，发现N400对具体和抽象最后一个词的头皮分布不同，但对一致句子则没有。尽管语境和具体性的相互作用与语境可用性模型一致，但具体和抽象词效应的不同头皮分布，以及具体词更大的语境效应，被解释为更符合语义加工的扩展双编码理论。
