Sillanaukee P, Pönniö M, Seppä K
Pharmacia & Upjohn AB Diagnostics, Alcohol Related Diseases, Uppsala, Sweden.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1999 Jun;23(6):1039-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04222.x.
A number of laboratory markers are suggested for the detection and monitoring of alcohol abuse. However, there is still a need to find better indicators of alcohol abuse. Sialic acid (SA) is the name for a series of acyl-derivatives of neuraminic acids that occur as nonreducing terminal residues of glycoproteins or glycolipids in biological fluids and cell membranes. In this study, we investigated the diagnostic value of SA as a marker of alcohol abuse.
Sera from social drinkers (n = 38) and alcoholics (n = 77) were analyzed for sialic acid by a colorimetric assay and for carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) by a radioimmunoassay method. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) were determined by using routine methods.
The sialic acid levels of both female and male subjects were significantly (p < 0.001) increased among alcoholic subjects when compared with social drinkers. SA levels were decreased after 3 weeks of treatment. The sensitivity and specificity for SA, respectively, were 57.7 and 95.5 for women and 47.8 and 81.3 for men. The respective values for CDT were 57.7 and 95.5 for women and 78.3 and 100.0 for men; for GGT, 60.0 and 95.5 for women and 60.9 and 87.5 for men; for MCV, 52.4 and 95.5 for women and 47.8 and 100.0 for men; for ASAT, 53.8 and 95.5 for women and 43.5 and 100.0 for men; and for ALAT, 38.5 and 90.9 for women and 39.1 and 87.5 for men. Among women, SA and GGT, and among men CDT, showed the largest area under receiver operation curve.
This study indicated that sialic acid levels were elevated by high alcohol consumption and reduced during abstinence, especially among women. Thus, sialic acid seems to be an interesting marker that needs further evaluation as a diagnostic tool for alcohol abuse.
有多种实验室标志物被推荐用于酒精滥用的检测和监测。然而，仍需要找到更好的酒精滥用指标。唾液酸（SA）是一系列神经氨酸的酰基衍生物的名称，它在生物体液和细胞膜中作为糖蛋白或糖脂的非还原末端残基存在。在本研究中，我们调查了SA作为酒精滥用标志物的诊断价值。
采用比色法分析社交饮酒者（n = 38）和酗酒者（n = 77）血清中的唾液酸，并采用放射免疫分析法分析缺糖转铁蛋白（CDT）。采用常规方法测定平均红细胞体积（MCV）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（ASAT）和丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALAT）。
与社交饮酒者相比，酗酒者中女性和男性的唾液酸水平均显著升高（p < 0.001）。治疗3周后SA水平下降。女性SA的敏感性和特异性分别为57.7和95.5，男性为47.8和81.3。CDT在女性中的相应值分别为57.7和95.5，男性为78.3和100.0；GGT在女性中的相应值为60.0和95.5，男性为60.9和87.5；MCV在女性中的相应值为52.4和95.5，男性为47.8和100.0；ASAT在女性中的相应值为53.8和95.5，男性为43.5和100.0；ALAT在女性中的相应值为38.5和90.9，男性为39.1和87.5。在女性中，SA和GGT，在男性中CDT，在受试者工作特征曲线下显示出最大面积。
本研究表明，高酒精摄入量会使唾液酸水平升高，戒酒期间唾液酸水平降低，尤其是在女性中。因此，唾液酸似乎是一个有趣的标志物，作为酒精滥用的诊断工具需要进一步评估。
