Malloy M H, Freeman D H
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0526, USA.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1999 Jul;153(7):736-40. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.153.7.736.
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is a major contributor to infant mortality. Previous studies have suggested that infants born of twin pregnancies are at greater risk for SIDS and that a twin who survives after a co-twin dies is at increased risk for SIDS.
To attempt to confirm the increased risk of SIDS among and within twin pairs through the use of US vital statistics data.
We analyzed data from the US-linked birth and infant death certificate tapes for the years 1987 through 1991 to determine the risk of SIDS in twin births compared with singleton births and to describe the characteristics of twin pairs in whom SIDS occurred. The analysis was limited to live births with weights of 500 g or more and gestational ages of 24 weeks or more. We used an algorithm to match co-twins (infants within a twin pair) to measure sex and birth weight concordancy, to identify twin pairs, in which one or both twins died of SIDS; and to examine, when both twins died, whether they died on the same day.
There were 23464 singleton SIDS deaths and 1056 twin SIDS deaths during the 5-year period. The crude relative risk for SIDS among twins compared with singleton births was 2.06 (95% confidence interval, 1.94-2.19). The adjusted relative risk independent of birth weight and sociodemographic variables was 1.13 (95% confidence interval, 0.97-1.31). We successfully matched the co-twins of 172029 twin pregnancies. Of these, 767 were twin pregnancies in which one or both twins died of SIDS. Among the 767 twin pregnancies in which one or both twins experienced SIDS, there were only 7 in which both twins died of SIDS (rate ratio, 4.0 per 100000 twin pregnancies). In only 1 of these 7 did both twins die on the same day (rate ratio, 0.58 per 100000 twin pregnancies). The relative risk for a second twin dying of SIDS was 8.17 (90% confidence interval, 1.18-56.67).
Independent of birth weight, twins do not appear to be at greater risk for SIDS compared with singleton births. In addition, the occurrence of both twins dying of SIDS is uncommon, and the occurrence of both twins dying on the same day is extremely uncommon.
婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）是婴儿死亡的主要原因之一。先前的研究表明，双胎妊娠出生的婴儿患SIDS的风险更高，并且在双胞胎中的一个死亡后存活下来的另一个患SIDS的风险也会增加。
试图通过使用美国生命统计数据来证实双胞胎之间及双胞胎内部患SIDS风险的增加。
我们分析了1987年至1991年美国关联的出生和婴儿死亡证明磁带中的数据，以确定双胎分娩与单胎分娩相比患SIDS的风险，并描述发生SIDS的双胞胎对的特征。分析仅限于出生体重500克或以上、孕周24周或以上的活产婴儿。我们使用一种算法来匹配双胞胎（双胞胎对中的婴儿），以测量性别和出生体重的一致性，识别其中一个或两个双胞胎死于SIDS的双胞胎对；并在两个双胞胎都死亡时，检查他们是否在同一天死亡。
在这5年期间，有23464例单胎SIDS死亡和1056例双胎SIDS死亡。与单胎分娩相比，双胞胎患SIDS的粗相对风险为2.06（95%置信区间，1.94 - 2.19）。独立于出生体重和社会人口统计学变量的调整后相对风险为1.13（95%置信区间，0.97 - 1.31）。我们成功匹配了172029例双胎妊娠的双胞胎。其中，767例是一个或两个双胞胎死于SIDS的双胎妊娠。在这767例一个或两个双胞胎患SIDS的双胎妊娠中
