Harder D W, Greenwald D F
Psychology Department, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Psychol Rep. 1999 Aug;85(1):271-81. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1999.85.1.271.
Previous research using the Harder Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2 has generally supported the validity of its subscales for the measurement of the traits of proneness to shame and guilt. This study extended the construct validity by investigating hypothesized relationships between scores on the questionnaire and several personality constructs not previously examined, including attachment style, the five personality factors assessed by the NEO-Five Factor Inventory, Sensation Seeking and Positive Affect (both from the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List-Revised). Shame and guilt scales were each expected to correlate inversely with secure attachment, Extraversion, Openness, Sensation Seeking (uninhibitidness), and Positive Affect, while they were predicted to correlate positively with Neuroticism from the NEO measure. Shame was expected to show stronger relationships than guilt with Extraversion, Openness, and Sensation Seeking. For the 41 college students results were mostly as predicted, even after shame and guilt scores were partialled for each other, thereby providing further evidence for the construct validity of the Personal Feelings Questionnaire-2 scales.
以往使用《哈德个人情感问卷-2》的研究普遍支持其分量表在测量羞耻倾向和内疚倾向特质方面的有效性。本研究通过调查问卷得分与此前未考察的几种人格结构之间的假设关系，扩展了结构效度，这些人格结构包括依恋风格、由《大五人格问卷》评估的五因素人格、感觉寻求和积极情感（均来自《多重情感形容词检查表修订版》）。羞耻和内疚分量表预计分别与安全依恋、外向性、开放性、感觉寻求（无抑制性）和积极情感呈负相关，而预计它们与《大五人格问卷》中的神经质呈正相关。预计羞耻在外向性、开放性和感觉寻求方面比内疚表现出更强的关系。对于41名大学生来说，即使在羞耻和内疚得分相互进行偏相关分析之后，结果大多如预期，从而为《个人情感问卷-2》分量表的结构效度提供了进一步证据。
