Malley K S, Goldstein A M, Aldrich T K, Kelly K J, Weiden M, Coplan N, Karwa M L, Prezant D J
Bureau of Health Services, New York City Fire Department, Bronx, USA.
J Occup Environ Med. 1999 Dec;41(12):1104-15. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199912000-00015.
Fire departments have replaced traditional uniforms with modern, more thermal protective gear. Although the new uniforms afford superior burn protection, they may reduce work time. Our purpose was to determine if exercise time was (1) reduced by wearing the modern versus traditional uniform, and (2) increased by a design change to a modified modern uniform (T-shirt and short pants rather than a shirt and long pants under the outer uniform). Male firefighters (n = 23; age 27 to 59) performed a maximum exercise test in gym clothes (maximal oxygen consumption = 46 +/- 9 ml/kg/min) and then returned on separate days to exercise using a moderately high intensity, constant work rate treadmill protocol while wearing fire fighting breathing apparatus and each of three uniforms. Firefighters exceeded anaerobic threshold by 1 minute and eventually reached or exceeded maximum heart rate and maximal oxygen consumption. Exercise time in modern (15 +/- 3 min) was significantly less than in traditional (18 +/- 5 min) uniform. Exercise time in modified modern (17 +/- 5 min) was significantly greater than in modern and not significantly different than in traditional uniforms. The rate of change in oxygen consumption and water loss were significantly affected by uniform type, with faster rates in modern compared with modified modern or traditional uniforms. These findings show the impact that design changes have on energy demands and exercise duration.
消防部门已用更具隔热性的现代装备取代了传统制服。尽管新制服提供了更好的烧伤防护，但它们可能会缩短工作时间。我们的目的是确定：（1）穿着现代制服与传统制服相比，运动时间是否会减少；（2）对改良后的现代制服（T恤和短裤，而非外层制服下搭配衬衫和长裤）进行设计变更后，运动时间是否会增加。男性消防员（n = 23；年龄27至59岁）先穿着健身服进行了最大运动测试（最大耗氧量 = 46 ± 9毫升/千克/分钟），然后在不同日期返回，穿着消防呼吸设备和三种制服中的每一种，以中等高强度、恒定工作速率的跑步机方案进行运动。消防员超过无氧阈值1分钟，最终达到或超过最大心率和最大耗氧量。穿着现代制服时的运动时间（15 ± 3分钟）明显少于穿着传统制服时（18 ± 5分钟）。改良后现代制服的运动时间（17 ± 5分钟）明显长于现代制服，且与传统制服无显著差异。耗氧量和失水量的变化率受制服类型的显著影响，现代制服的变化率比改良后现代制服或传统制服更快。这些发现表明了设计变更对能量需求和运动持续时间的影响。
