Sandanger I, Nygård J F, Ingebrigtsen G, Sørensen T, Dalgard O S
Institute of General Practice and Community Medicine, Department of Social Insurance Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1999 Nov;34(11):570-9. doi: 10.1007/s001270050177.
Increased demands for psychiatric services and increased rates of sickness absence for depression have raised the question of the occurrence of psychiatric disorders in Norway, and whether there is in fact a rising incidence rate.
Between 1989-1991, 2015 and 617 persons participated in a two-phase population study. Phase I comprised screening by the Hopkins Symptom Check List 25 items (HSCL-25), and phase II a diagnostic interview by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI), including report of date (year) of the first occurrence of any symptoms, and any consequent diagnosis:
A symptom score of 1.75 or more was found in 19.8% of the women and 9.3% of the men by the HSCL-25. Depression, anxiety or somatoform disorder by CIDI was found in 21.5% of the women and 11.5% of the men. The incidence rate increased significantly from 3.3 to 12.8 per 1000 person years from 1930 to 1991. The incidence rate in the year before the interview was 42.6 per 1000 person years. Age of onset became lower. More women became ill, but the illness seemed to last longer in men. A major problem in comparing results between studies is the different concepts and operationalisations of psychiatric illness, and the varying time periods given for estimates.
The findings provide evidence of psychiatric illness being a rising and major health problem, but the role of recall bias must be further investigated.
对精神科服务需求的增加以及因抑郁症导致的病假率上升，引发了挪威精神疾病发生率的问题，以及发病率是否真的在上升。
在1989 - 1991年、2015年，617人参与了一项两阶段的人群研究。第一阶段包括用霍普金斯症状清单25项（HSCL - 25）进行筛查，第二阶段通过复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI）进行诊断性访谈，包括首次出现任何症状的日期（年份）报告以及任何后续诊断：
通过HSCL - 25发现，19.8%的女性和9.3%的男性症状评分达到1.75或更高。通过CIDI发现，21.5%的女性和11.5%的男性患有抑郁症、焦虑症或躯体形式障碍。从1930年到1991年，发病率从每1000人年3.3显著增加到12.8。访谈前一年的发病率为每1000人年42.6。发病年龄降低。患病女性增多，但男性患病时间似乎更长。比较不同研究结果的一个主要问题是精神疾病的概念和操作定义不同，以及估计所采用的时间段不同。
研究结果证明精神疾病是一个日益严重的主要健康问题，但回忆偏倚的作用必须进一步研究。
