Gwinn D E, Wilckens J H, McDevitt E R, Ross G, Kao T C
United States Naval Academy, Department of Orthopedics, Annapolis, Maryland, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 2000 Jan-Feb;28(1):98-102. doi: 10.1177/03635465000280012901.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relative risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury in female versus male midshipmen at the United States Naval Academy. From 1991 to 1997, we recorded the incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injury during intercollegiate athletics, intramural athletics, and military training. The subjects were male and female varsity athletes, coed intramural athletes, and participants in military training consisting of the obstacle course and instructional wrestling. All patient data were collected at the time of injury. Records filed at the intramural sports office, along with a questionnaire completed by coaches and trainers, were used to estimate midshipmen exposures. Results showed that in intercollegiate soccer, basketball, and rugby, women had a relative injury risk of 3.96 compared with men. In coed soccer, basketball, softball, and volleyball, the women's relative injury risk was 1.40 compared with men. In military training, women had a relative injury risk of 9.74 compared with men. In comparing overall annual anterior cruciate ligament injury rates among midshipmen, we found that women had a relative injury risk of 2.44 compared with men. We concluded that female midshipmen have an increased relative risk of anterior cruciate ligament injury as compared with men in intercollegiate athletics, basic military training, and throughout their service academy career. This increase was not statistically significant at the intramural level of athletics.
本研究的目的是评估美国海军学院男女学员前交叉韧带损伤的相对风险。1991年至1997年期间，我们记录了大学生体育比赛、校内体育活动和军事训练期间前交叉韧带损伤的发生率。研究对象为男女校队运动员、男女混合校内运动员以及参加障碍课程和教学摔跤等军事训练的人员。所有患者数据均在受伤时收集。校内体育办公室存档的记录以及教练和训练员填写的问卷被用于估算学员的暴露情况。结果显示，在大学生足球、篮球和橄榄球项目中，女性与男性相比的相对损伤风险为3.96。在男女混合的足球、篮球、垒球和排球项目中，女性与男性相比的相对损伤风险为1.40。在军事训练中，女性与男性相比的相对损伤风险为9.74。在比较学员总体年度前交叉韧带损伤率时，我们发现女性与男性相比的相对损伤风险为2.44。我们得出结论，与男性相比，女性学员在大学生体育比赛、基础军事训练以及整个军校生涯中前交叉韧带损伤的相对风险增加。在校内体育活动层面，这种增加在统计学上不显著。
