Arden N H
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2000 Jan;21(1):59-64. doi: 10.1086/501702.
Influenza infections pose a serious threat to residents of nursing homes and other long-term-care facilities. Annual vaccination of residents and staff with the currently licensed inactivated influenza vaccine continues to be the mainstay of prevention. Live attenuated influenza vaccine, which is expected to be licensed in the United States in the near future, may offer added protection for elderly persons when administered in conjunction with inactivated vaccine. Antiviral agents also can be useful as an adjunct to vaccination, especially for control of institutional outbreaks. Two new antiviral agents that appear to be less toxic than amantadine and rimantadine have recently been approved.
流感感染对疗养院及其他长期护理机构的居民构成严重威胁。每年为居民和工作人员接种目前已获许可的灭活流感疫苗仍然是预防的主要手段。减毒活流感疫苗预计不久将在美国获得许可，与灭活疫苗联合使用时，可能会为老年人提供额外的保护。抗病毒药物也可作为疫苗接种的辅助手段，特别是用于控制机构内的疫情暴发。最近已批准了两种毒性似乎比金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺更低的新型抗病毒药物。
