Froneberg B, Wienhold L, Glomm D
Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Germany.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 1999;5(4):585-90. doi: 10.1080/10803548.1999.11076440.
The translation of the framework directive 89/391/EEC (Council Directive 89/391/EEC) into national law aims at supplying occupational protection and health care to all employees of large, small, and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) likewise, depending on assessed exposure. Prior incomplete protection of the German workforce with bias against the SMEs requires an assessment of quantitative and qualitative adequacy of present occupational health care practice and also of future needs. Therefore, the Federal Institute for Occupational Safety and Health of Germany initiated a study to evaluate the present state of occupational health care in 4 regions with different geographic and economic structure. Based on these data the future demand for adequately trained occupational physicians will be estimated by employing a statistical method that allows for including a large number of modifying variables (economic development, demographic change, etc.). Expected result of the applied technique are the estimated minimal and maximal number of occupational physicians that have to be trained to meet future demand. In the same study models of best practice will be identified and evaluated for general application. The project started in October 1997 and will be finished by January 2000.
将框架指令89/391/EEC（理事会指令89/391/EEC）转化为国内法的目的是，根据评估的接触情况，同样为大中小型企业（SMEs）的所有员工提供职业保护和医疗保健。以往德国劳动力保护不全面且偏向大型企业，这就需要评估当前职业医疗保健实践在数量和质量上的充分性以及未来的需求。因此，德国联邦职业安全与健康研究所发起了一项研究，以评估4个具有不同地理和经济结构地区的职业医疗保健现状。基于这些数据，将采用一种统计方法来估计未来对训练有素的职业医师的需求，该方法允许纳入大量的修正变量（经济发展、人口变化等）。应用该技术的预期结果是估计出为满足未来需求而必须培训的职业医师的最小和最大数量。在同一项研究中，还将确定并评估最佳实践模式以供普遍应用。该项目于1997年10月启动，将于2000年1月完成。
