Narayanaswamy M, Wright K C, Kandarpa K
Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2000 Jan;11(1):5-17. doi: 10.1016/s1051-0443(07)61271-8.
Animal models have significantly advanced our understanding of the mechanisms of atherosclerosis and restenosis formation and the evaluation of therapeutic options. The current focus of research is on preventive strategies against restenosis and includes pharmacologic and biologic interventions directed primarily against smooth muscle cell proliferation, endovascular devices for recanalization and/or drug delivery, and an integrated approach using both devices and pharmacobiologic agents. Devices aimed at the percutaneous endoluminal exclusion of aortic aneurysms have also generated interest recently. The experience over many decades with animal models in vascular research has established that a single, ideal, naturally available model for atherosclerosis, restenosis, or for that matter aneurysm formation, does not exist. Presently, rabbits and pigs are favored for the former two areas of study, and dogs and sheep appear to provide suitable models for testing devices for endoluminal repair of aneurysms. The development of transgenic variants of currently available models may widen our options in the future. Nevertheless, an appreciation of the individual features of natural or stimulated disease in each species is of the utmost importance for the proper design and execution of relevant experiments.
动物模型极大地推动了我们对动脉粥样硬化和再狭窄形成机制的理解以及对治疗方案的评估。目前的研究重点是针对再狭窄的预防策略，包括主要针对平滑肌细胞增殖的药物和生物干预、用于再通和/或药物递送的血管内装置，以及使用装置和药物生物制剂的综合方法。旨在经皮腔内排除主动脉瘤的装置最近也引起了人们的兴趣。几十年来在血管研究中使用动物模型的经验表明，不存在一种单一的、理想的、天然可用的动脉粥样硬化、再狭窄或就此而言动脉瘤形成的模型。目前，兔子和猪在前面两个研究领域中受到青睐，而狗和羊似乎为测试用于动脉瘤腔内修复的装置提供了合适的模型。现有模型的转基因变体的开发可能会在未来拓宽我们的选择。然而，了解每个物种中自然或诱发疾病的个体特征对于相关实验的正确设计和实施至关重要。
