Mantz J, Muzet A, Winter A S
CEPA-CNRS, Strasbourg, France.
Arch Pediatr. 2000 Mar;7(3):256-62. doi: 10.1016/S0929-693X(00)88741-2.
Adolescents' fatigue is a worrying subject.
A survey was carried out over a period of ten days (a school week between two weekends). Through a daily questionnaire, 386 adolescents aged 15-20 years were asked about sleep onset and offset, time delay of sleep onset, quality of sleep, daytime sleepiness and naps.
The results confirmed that the length of sleep was lessened during weekdays. This duration was one hour shorter than on Saturday nights or during holidays. However, a significant delay occurs in sleep onset on Saturday nights and sleep offset on Sunday mornings, which represents the main irregularity in the sleep schedule. Poor quality of sleep is due to difficulties in sleep onset (16%) and night awakenings (39%). Daytime sleepiness is reported by 38% of the adolescents, and many of them have a nap on Sundays, or other days of the week. Daytime activities (out-of-school sports, particularly) and evening activities were studied as well as the use of hypnotics and stimulants.
This work stresses sleep insufficiency during the week at school, changes in sleeping patterns during weekends, and sometimes poor quality of sleep. Similar facts have already been found in children, and this may explain the consequences on the life and behaviour of adolescents. The population has to be informed about the effects of sleep on health.
青少年疲劳是一个令人担忧的问题。
在十天时间内（两个周末之间的一个上学周）进行了一项调查。通过每日问卷，询问了386名15至20岁的青少年关于入睡和起床时间、入睡延迟时间、睡眠质量、白天嗜睡情况及午睡情况。
结果证实工作日期间睡眠时间缩短。该时长比周六晚上或节假日短一小时。然而，周六晚上入睡时间和周日早上起床时间出现显著延迟，这是睡眠时间表中的主要不规律情况。睡眠质量差是由于入睡困难（16%）和夜间觉醒（39%）。38%的青少年报告有白天嗜睡情况，其中许多人在周日或一周中的其他日子会午睡。还研究了白天活动（特别是校外体育活动）和晚间活动以及催眠药和兴奋剂的使用情况。
这项研究强调了上学期间一周内睡眠不足、周末睡眠模式的变化以及有时睡眠质量差的问题。在儿童中也已发现类似情况，这可能解释了对青少年生活和行为的影响。必须让公众了解睡眠对健康的影响。
