Preston C C, Colman A M
Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Leicester, UK.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2000 Mar;104(1):1-15. doi: 10.1016/s0001-6918(99)00050-5.
Using a self-administered questionnaire, 149 respondents rated service elements associated with a recently visited store or restaurant on scales that differed only in the number of response categories (ranging from 2 to 11) and on a 101-point scale presented in a different format. On several indices of reliability, validity, and discriminating power, the two-point, three-point, and four-point scales performed relatively poorly, and indices were significantly higher for scales with more response categories, up to about 7. Internal consistency did not differ significantly between scales, but test-retest reliability tended to decrease for scales with more than 10 response categories. Respondent preferences were highest for the 10-point scale, closely followed by the seven-point and nine-point scales. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
通过一份自填式问卷，149名受访者对与最近去过的商店或餐馆相关的服务要素进行评分，评分量表仅在回答类别数量（从2到11）上有所不同，以及以不同格式呈现的101分制量表。在几个可靠性、有效性和区分能力指标上，两点、三点和四点量表表现相对较差，对于回答类别更多的量表（最多约7个），指标显著更高。各量表之间的内部一致性没有显著差异，但重测信度对于回答类别超过10个的量表往往会降低。受访者对10分制量表的偏好最高，其次是7分制和9分制量表。文中讨论了对研究和实践的启示。
