Dragacci S, Grosso F, Bire R, Fremy J M, Coulon S
Microbial Toxins Unit, French Agency for Food Safety (AFSSA) Paris, France.
Nat Toxins. 1999;7(4):167-73. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1522-7189(199907/08)7:4<167::aid-nt55>3.0.co;2-q.
Ochratoxin A is a carcinogen and nephrotoxin which can enter the food chain resulting in human exposure. As pig herds are exposed to ochratoxin A through their feed, their kidneys, livers and pork meat are considered as a possible route of exposure for humans. France, an important producer of pork and pork products, set up a national monitoring programme which included the training of six routine public laboratories in the analysis of ochratoxin A using an immunoaffinity step followed by a HPLC-fluorimetric detection. The programme randomly sampled 300 healthy and 100 nephropathic pig kidneys in 1997 and 710 healthy pig kidneys in 1998. Less than 10% of samples were significantly contaminated by ochratoxin A : in the 1997 survey, 1% of samples contained 0.40-1.40 microg kg(-1) of ochratoxin A and in the 1998 survey 7.6 % exhibited ochratoxin A levels in the range 0.5-5 microg kg(-1). In the case of nephropathic kidneys, only traces of ochratoxin A (0.16 to 0.48 microg kg(-1)) were detected in six samples out of 100. Even if not a major route of exposure for humans, pigs are clearly exposed to this mycotoxin and monitoring of pork products and of feed for swine is necessary.
赭曲霉毒素A是一种致癌物和肾毒素，可进入食物链导致人类接触。由于猪群通过饲料接触赭曲霉毒素A，它们的肾脏、肝脏和猪肉被认为是人类可能的接触途径。法国是猪肉及猪肉制品的重要生产国，设立了一项国家监测计划，其中包括对六个常规公共实验室进行培训，使其能够采用免疫亲和步骤继以高效液相色谱 - 荧光检测法分析赭曲霉毒素A。该计划在1997年随机抽取了300个健康猪肾和100个肾病猪肾样本，并在1998年抽取了710个健康猪肾样本。赭曲霉毒素A显著污染的样本不到10%：在1997年的调查中，1%的样本含有0.40 - 1.40微克/千克的赭曲霉毒素A，在1998年的调查中，7.6%的样本赭曲霉毒素A水平在0.5 - 5微克/千克范围内。在肾病猪肾的情况中，100个样本中的6个仅检测到痕量的赭曲霉毒素A（0.16至0.48微克/千克）。即使猪并非人类接触的主要途径，但它们显然接触了这种霉菌毒素，因此对猪肉制品和猪饲料进行监测是必要的。
