Littorin M, Rylander L, Skarping G, Dalene M, Welinder H, Strömberg U, Skerfving S
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, S-221 85 Lund, Sweden.
Occup Environ Med. 2000 Jun;57(6):396-405. doi: 10.1136/oem.57.6.396.
To define the relation between exposure to polyurethane (PUR) glue, biomarkers of exposure and effect, and work related symptoms that occur at least once a week.
In a cross sectional study, 152 workers and 14 clerks in a factory with exposure to sprayed and heated PUR glue containing 4, 4'-diphenylmethane (MDI) or 1,6-hexamethylene (HDI) di-isocyanate were examined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for metabolites of MDI in plasma (P-MDX) and urine (U-MDX), 2,4- and 2, 6-toluene di-isocyanate (TDI; P-TDX, U-TDX) and HDI in plasma and urine, specific serum IgG (S-IgG-MDI, S-IgG-HDI, and S-IgG-TDI, respectively) and IgE (S-IgE-MDI). Work related symptoms of the eyes and airways (nose or lower airways, or both), and lung function were also evaluated.
P-MDX was detected in 65% of the workers, U-TDX in 47%, HDX in none. Three per cent were positive for S-IgE-MDI, 33% for S-IgG-MDI, 32% for S-IgG-TDI, and 12% for S-IgG-HDI. A few clerks had metabolites, and some had antibodies. Most metabolites and immunoglobulins were slightly correlated-for example, P-MDX v S-IgG-MDI: r(s)=0.21. Workers who heated glue had increased P-MDX (odds ratio (OR)=12 for a value above the median) and S-IgG-MDI (OR=3.7), sprayers P-2,4-TDX (OR=6.2) and P-2,6-TDX (OR=16). Twenty six per cent of the workers had work related symptoms of the airways, 21% from the nose, 11% from the lower airways. Spraying of glue increased the risk of work related symptoms and slightly decreased lung function. U-MDX was associated with work related symptoms from the airways (OR=3.7) and P-2,6-TDX with work related symptoms from the lower airways (OR=6.6). S-IgG-MDI was related to work related symptoms from the airways (OR=2.6).
There were relations between exposures to sprayed and heated PUR glue based on MDI and HDI, concentrations of metabolites of MDI and TDI in plasma and urine, specific IgG serum antibodies against MDI, TDI, and HDI, and work related symptoms.
确定接触聚氨酯（PUR）胶水、接触生物标志物与效应以及每周至少出现一次的工作相关症状之间的关系。
在一项横断面研究中，对一家工厂的152名工人和14名职员进行了检查，这些工人接触含有4,4'-二苯基甲烷（MDI）或1,6-己二异氰酸酯（HDI）的喷涂和加热的PUR胶水。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）检测血浆（P-MDX）和尿液（U-MDX）中MDI的代谢物、血浆和尿液中2,4-和2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯（TDI；P-TDX、U-TDX）以及HDI，以及特异性血清IgG（分别为S-IgG-MDI、S-IgG-HDI和S-IgG-TDI）和IgE（S-IgE-MDI）。还评估了眼睛和气道（鼻子或下呼吸道，或两者）的工作相关症状以及肺功能。
65%的工人检测到P-MDX，47%检测到U-TDX，未检测到HDX。3%的工人S-IgE-MDI呈阳性，33%的工人S-IgG-MDI呈阳性，32%的工人S-IgG-TDI呈阳性，12%的工人S-IgG-HDI呈阳性。少数职员有代谢物，一些职员有抗体。大多数代谢物和免疫球蛋白呈轻度相关——例如，P-MDX与S-IgG-MDI：r(s)=0.21。加热胶水的工人P-MDX升高（中位数以上的值的优势比（OR）=12）和S-IgG-MDI升高（OR=3.7），喷涂工人P-2,4-TDX（OR=6.2）和P-2,6-TDX（OR=16）。26%的工人有气道的工作相关症状，21%来自鼻子，11%来自下呼吸道。喷涂胶水增加了工作相关症状的风险，并使肺功能略有下降。U-MDX与气道的工作相关症状相关（OR=3.7），P-2,6-TDX与下呼吸道的工作相关症状相关（OR=6.6）。S-IgG-MDI与气道的工作相关症状相关（OR=2.6）。
基于MDI和HDI的喷涂和加热PUR胶水接触、血浆和尿液中MDI和TDI代谢物的浓度、针对MDI、TDI和HDI的特异性IgG血清抗体以及工作相关症状之间存在关联。
