Forchhammer M C, Asferg T
Department of Landscape Ecology, National Environmental Research Institute, Rønde, Denmark.
Proc Biol Sci. 2000 Apr 22;267(1445):779-86. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2000.1071.
The influence of parasites on host life histories and populations is pronounced. Among several diseases affecting animal populations throughout the world, sarcoptic mange has influenced many carnivore populations dramatically and during the latest epizootic in Fennoscandia reduced the abundance of red fox by over 70%. While the numerical responses of red fox populations, their prey and their competitors as well as clinical implications are well known, knowledge of how sarcoptic mange affects the structure of the dynamics of red fox populations is lacking. Integrating ecological theory and statistical modelling, we analysed the long-term dynamics (1955-1996) of 14 Danish red fox populations. As suggested by the model, invading sarcoptic mange significantly affected direct and delayed density dependence in red fox dynamics and concomitant shifts in fluctuation patterns were observed. Our statistical analyses also revealed that the spatial progressive spread of mange mites was mirrored in the autocovariate structures of red fox populations progressively exposed to sarcoptic mange.
寄生虫对宿主生活史和种群的影响十分显著。在全球影响动物种群的多种疾病中，疥螨病对许多食肉动物种群产生了巨大影响，在芬兰斯堪的纳维亚半岛最近一次 epizootic 期间，赤狐数量减少了70%以上。虽然赤狐种群、其猎物和竞争者的数量反应以及临床影响已为人所知，但关于疥螨病如何影响赤狐种群动态结构的知识却很缺乏。综合生态理论和统计模型，我们分析了14个丹麦赤狐种群的长期动态（1955 - 1996年）。正如模型所表明的，入侵的疥螨病显著影响了赤狐动态中的直接和延迟密度依赖性，并观察到波动模式的相应变化。我们的统计分析还表明，疥螨在空间上的渐进传播反映在逐渐暴露于疥螨病的赤狐种群的自协变量结构中。
