Su B, Jin L, Underhill P, Martinson J, Saha N, McGarvey S T, Shriver M D, Chu J, Oefner P, Chakraborty R, Deka R
Human Genetics Center, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77225, USA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jul 18;97(15):8225-8. doi: 10.1073/pnas.97.15.8225.
The question surrounding the colonization of Polynesia has remained controversial. Two hypotheses, one postulating Taiwan as the putative homeland and the other asserting a Melanesian origin of the Polynesian people, have received considerable attention. In this work, we present haplotype data based on the distribution of 19 biallelic polymorphisms on the Y chromosome in a sample of 551 male individuals from 36 populations living in Southeast Asia, Taiwan, Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. Surprisingly, nearly none of the Taiwanese Y haplotypes were found in Micronesia and Polynesia. Likewise, a Melanesian-specific haplotype was not found among the Polynesians. However, all of the Polynesian, Micronesian, and Taiwanese haplotypes are present in the extant Southeast Asian populations. Evidently, the Y-chromosome data do not lend support to either of the prevailing hypotheses. Rather, we postulate that Southeast Asia provided a genetic source for two independent migrations, one toward Taiwan and the other toward Polynesia through island Southeast Asia.
围绕波利尼西亚人殖民的问题一直存在争议。有两种假说，一种假定台湾是假定的发源地，另一种断言波利尼西亚人起源于美拉尼西亚，这两种假说都受到了相当多的关注。在这项研究中，我们展示了基于19个双等位基因多态性在Y染色体上分布的单倍型数据，这些数据来自于生活在东南亚、台湾、密克罗尼西亚、美拉尼西亚和波利尼西亚的36个群体的551名男性个体样本。令人惊讶的是，在密克罗尼西亚和波利尼西亚几乎没有发现台湾人的Y单倍型。同样，在波利尼西亚人中也没有发现美拉尼西亚特有的单倍型。然而，所有波利尼西亚、密克罗尼西亚和台湾的单倍型都存在于现存的东南亚人群中。显然，Y染色体数据不支持任何一种主流假说。相反，我们推测东南亚为两次独立的迁徙提供了基因来源，一次是向台湾，另一次是通过东南亚岛屿向波利尼西亚。
