El-Sahly H M, Atmar R L, Glezen W P, Greenberg S B
Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Jul;31(1):96-100. doi: 10.1086/313937. Epub 2000 Jul 17.
The viruses associated most frequently with the "common cold" are rhinoviruses and coronaviruses. The first prospective cohort study to determine the prevalence of rhinovirus and coronavirus infections in patients of all ages hospitalized for acute respiratory illnesses is described. Hospital admissions for acute respiratory illnesses were identified, and cell culture for rhinovirus and serologic assays on paired sera for coronaviruses 229E and OC43 were performed. A total of 61 infections with rhinoviruses and coronaviruses were identified from 1198 respiratory illnesses (5.1%); in addition, 9 additional infections associated with >/=1 other respiratory viruses were identified. Of those infected with only rhinovirus or coronavirus, underlying cardiopulmonary diseases were present in 35% of the patients aged <5 years, in 93% aged between 5 and 35 years, and in 73% aged >35 years. The predominant clinical syndromes varied by age: pneumonia and bronchiolitis in children aged <5 years; exacerbations of asthma in older children and young adults; and pneumonia and exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and congestive heart failure in older adults. Therefore, rhinovirus and coronavirus infections in hospitalized patients were associated with lower respiratory tract illnesses in all age groups.
与“普通感冒”关联最频繁的病毒是鼻病毒和冠状病毒。本文描述了第一项前瞻性队列研究，该研究旨在确定因急性呼吸道疾病住院的各年龄段患者中鼻病毒和冠状病毒感染的患病率。确定了急性呼吸道疾病的住院病例，并进行了鼻病毒的细胞培养以及针对冠状病毒229E和OC43的双份血清的血清学检测。从1198例呼吸道疾病中总共鉴定出61例鼻病毒和冠状病毒感染（5.1%）；此外，还鉴定出另外9例与≥1种其他呼吸道病毒相关的感染。在仅感染鼻病毒或冠状病毒的患者中，5岁以下患者有35%存在潜在心肺疾病，5至35岁患者有93%存在，35岁以上患者有73%存在。主要临床综合征因年龄而异：5岁以下儿童为肺炎和细支气管炎；大龄儿童和年轻人为哮喘加重；老年人为肺炎以及慢性阻塞性肺疾病和充血性心力衰竭加重。因此，住院患者中的鼻病毒和冠状病毒感染在所有年龄组中均与下呼吸道疾病相关。
