Calvo Rey C, García García M L, Casas Flecha I, Sánchez Mateos M F, Rodrigo García G, de Cea Crespo J M, Pérez-Breña P
Servicio de Pediatría. Hospital Severo Ochoa. Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Madrid. España.
An Pediatr (Barc). 2006 Sep;65(3):205-10. doi: 10.1157/13092155.
Rhinovirus is a recognized cause of common cold and has been shown to cause asthma exacerbations in adults and children. The burden of rhinovirus infections in hospitalized children has not been described in Spain.
To describe confirmed rhinovirus infections in children hospitalized for respiratory tract infection in a secondary public hospital.
We performed a prospective descriptive study in children admitted to hospital with fever or respiratory tract infection and with a positive isolation of rhinovirus in nasopharyngeal washings between September 2004 and July 2005. Virological diagnosis was made with direct immunofluorescent assay and/or reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in specimens obtained from nasopharyngeal washings. The clinical characteristics of the patients were analyzed.
There were 76 children with rhinovirus infection, representing 25 % of admissions in 304 children with fever or respiratory tract infection. Rhinovirus was the second most frequent viral agent identified after respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (29.9 % of admissions). Fifty-four children (71.1 %) were under 2 years of age. The most frequent clinical diagnoses were recurrent wheezing in 60.5 %, bronchiolitis in 23.7 %, pneumonia in 7.9 %, and upper respiratory tract infection in 5.3 %. Fever > 38 degrees C was present in 57.9 % of the patients and radiologic infiltrate was found in 23.7 %. Oxygen saturation less than 95 % was found in 43.4 % of the patients. Of 22 children aged more than 2 years, a diagnosis of asthmatic crisis was made in 21.
Rhinoviruses were frequently identified in hospitalized children with respiratory tract disease and were the second most common viruses after RSV. In our series, it was the most frequent cause of recurrent wheezing in hospitalized children and the second most common cause in infants.
鼻病毒是公认的普通感冒病因，且已证实可导致成人和儿童哮喘发作。西班牙尚未描述住院儿童鼻病毒感染的负担情况。
描述在一家二级公立医院因呼吸道感染住院的儿童中确诊的鼻病毒感染情况。
我们对2004年9月至2005年7月期间因发热或呼吸道感染入院且鼻咽冲洗液中鼻病毒分离阳性的儿童进行了一项前瞻性描述性研究。通过直接免疫荧光测定法和/或逆转录聚合酶链反应对从鼻咽冲洗液中获取的标本进行病毒学诊断。分析了患者的临床特征。
有76名儿童感染鼻病毒，占304名因发热或呼吸道感染入院儿童的25%。鼻病毒是仅次于呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）的第二常见病毒病原体（占入院人数的29.9%）。54名儿童（71.1%）年龄在2岁以下。最常见的临床诊断为反复喘息（60.5%）、细支气管炎（23.7%）、肺炎（7.9%）和上呼吸道感染（5.3%）。57.9%的患者体温高于38摄氏度，23.7%的患者有影像学浸润。43.4%的患者氧饱和度低于95%。在22名2岁以上儿童中，21名被诊断为哮喘危象。
在患有呼吸道疾病的住院儿童中经常发现鼻病毒，且是仅次于RSV的第二常见病毒。在我们的研究系列中，它是住院儿童反复喘息的最常见病因，在婴儿中是第二常见病因。
