Korttila K, Linnoila M
Anesthesiology. 1975 Jun;42(6):685-91. doi: 10.1097/00000542-197506000-00010.
Psychomotor skills related to driving and the ability to discriminate the fusion of flickering light were measured in a double-blind cross-over fashion in 11 healthy volunteers before, and 1, 3, 5, and 7 hours after, intramuscular injection of saline solution, 10 mg diazepam, or 75 mg meperidine. The late effects of meperidine were tested in five other subjects 12 and 24 hours after the injection. The effects of diazepam were the most harmful to coordinative and reactive skills, which were significantly impaired for as long as 5 hours. Meperidine impaired reactive skills for as long as 3 hours and flicker-fusion discrimination and coordinative skills for as long as 12 hours. It is concluded that patients should not drive or operate machinery for at least 7 hours after receiving 10 mg diazepam intramuscularly and for 24 hours after receiving 75 mg meperidine intramuscularly.
在11名健康志愿者中,以双盲交叉方式在肌肉注射生理盐水、10毫克地西泮或75毫克哌替啶之前以及之后1、3、5和7小时,测量了与驾驶相关的心理运动技能以及辨别闪烁光融合的能力。在另外5名受试者中,于注射后12和24小时测试了哌替啶的后期影响。地西泮对协调和反应技能的影响最为有害,这些技能在长达5小时内均受到显著损害。哌替啶在长达3小时内损害反应技能,在长达12小时内损害闪烁融合辨别和协调技能。得出的结论是,患者在肌肉注射10毫克地西泮后至少7小时内以及在肌肉注射75毫克哌替啶后24小时内不应驾驶或操作机器。