Chen D, Cho S I, Chen C, Wang X, Damokosh A I, Ryan L, Smith T J, Christiani D C, Xu X
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, FXB-101 Boston, MA 02115-6096, USA.
Occup Environ Med. 2000 Oct;57(10):661-7. doi: 10.1136/oem.57.10.661.
The association between birth weight and exposure to benzene, work stress, and other occupational and environmental hazards was investigated.
In a large petrochemical industry, 792 pregnant workers were enrolled and followed up through delivery between May 1996 and December 1998. Exposure to benzene and other solvents was assessed by an industrial hygienist based on each woman's job title and workplace information. Other occupational and environmental exposures and personal information, including perceived work stress, exposure to noise, physical exertion at work, and passive smoking, were obtained by an interview questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to examine the individual and combined associations of occupational and environmental exposures with birth weight, with adjustment for major confounders including gestational age.
In the univariate model, birth weight was negatively associated with exposure to benzene (-58 g (95% confidence interval (95% CI), -115 to -2)) and with work stress (-84 g (95% CI, -158 to -10)). In the multivariate model, there was a significant interaction between exposure to benzene and work stress relative to reduced birth weight, after adjustment for other environmental and occupational exposures and personal variables. Adjusted mean birth weight was 3445 g (95% CI 3401 to 3489) among those with neither exposure, 3430 g for those with exposure to benzene only, 3426 g for those with work stress only, and 3262 g (95% CI 3156 to 3369) for those with both exposures. In other words, there was 183 g (95% CI 65 to 301) reduction in birth weight among those with both exposure to benzene and work stress compared with those with neither exposure. Other work or environmental factors could not explain these findings.
Low level exposure to benzene and work stress interact to reduce birth weight in this population.
研究出生体重与苯暴露、工作压力以及其他职业和环境危害之间的关联。
在一家大型石化企业中，纳入了792名怀孕女工，并于1996年5月至1998年12月期间对其进行随访直至分娩。工业卫生学家根据每位女性的工作岗位和工作场所信息评估其苯和其他溶剂的暴露情况。通过访谈问卷获取其他职业和环境暴露以及个人信息，包括感知到的工作压力、噪声暴露、工作中的体力消耗和被动吸烟情况。使用单变量和多变量回归模型来检验职业和环境暴露与出生体重之间的个体关联和联合关联，并对包括孕周在内的主要混杂因素进行调整。
在单变量模型中，出生体重与苯暴露（-58克（95%置信区间（95%CI），-115至-2））和工作压力（-84克（95%CI，-158至-10））呈负相关。在多变量模型中，在对其他环境和职业暴露以及个人变量进行调整后，苯暴露和工作压力之间相对于出生体重降低存在显著交互作用。在既无暴露的人群中，调整后的平均出生体重为3445克（95%CI 3401至3489），仅暴露于苯的人群为3430克，仅存在工作压力的人群为3426克，同时暴露于两者的人群为3262克（95%CI 3156至3369）。换句话说，与既无暴露的人群相比，同时暴露于苯和工作压力的人群出生体重降低了183克（95%CI 65至301）。其他工作或环境因素无法解释这些发现。
在该人群中，低水平的苯暴露和工作压力相互作用会降低出生体重。
