Yoshida T, Cohen S, Bigazzi P E, Kurasuji T, Amsden A
Am J Pathol. 1975 Nov;81(2):389-400.
Escherichia coli, when cultured on a simple medium containing only glucose and inorganic compounds, release soluble factors which have a variety of biologic effects on cells in vitro. These low molecular weight (less than 12,000) substances are capable of: a) reversibly inhibiting the migration of macrophages, b) causing chemotactic attraction of neutrophils, c) inducing blast transformation of lymphocytes, and d) producing cytotoxic effects on mouse fibroblasts in culture. Although these activities are functionally similar to those which have been described for various lymphokines obtained from antigen-activated lymphocyte cultures, lymphocyte and bacterial factors which share a given property do not appear to be identical. For example, the bacterial factor which inhibits macrophage migration is partially heat labile and is dialyzable, characteristics which distinguish it from conventional migration inhibition factor. Nevertheless, similarity of function may imply the existence of some degree of chemical homology which would have importance implications concerning the evolution of host-defense reactions. In any case, as is the situation for the lymphokines, the in vitro behavior of the bacterial factors suggest a role for them in in vivo inflammatory responses.
大肠杆菌在仅含葡萄糖和无机化合物的简单培养基上培养时，会释放出对体外细胞具有多种生物学效应的可溶性因子。这些低分子量（小于12,000）物质能够：a）可逆地抑制巨噬细胞的迁移；b）引起中性粒细胞的趋化吸引；c）诱导淋巴细胞的母细胞转化；d）对培养中的小鼠成纤维细胞产生细胞毒性作用。尽管这些活性在功能上与从抗原激活的淋巴细胞培养物中获得的各种淋巴因子所描述的活性相似，但具有特定特性的淋巴细胞和细菌因子似乎并不相同。例如，抑制巨噬细胞迁移的细菌因子部分对热不稳定且可透析，这些特性使其与传统的迁移抑制因子不同。然而，功能的相似性可能意味着存在某种程度的化学同源性，这对于宿主防御反应的进化具有重要意义。无论如何，就像淋巴因子的情况一样，细菌因子的体外行为表明它们在体内炎症反应中起作用。
