Mitchell D A, Berovic M, Krieger N
Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Brazil.
Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol. 2000;68:61-138. doi: 10.1007/3-540-45564-7_3.
Despite centuries of use and renewed interest over the last 20 years in solid-state fermentation (SSF) technology, and despite its good potential for a range of products, there are currently relatively few large-scale commercial applications. This situation can be attributed to the complexity of the system: Macroscale and microscale heat and mass transfer limitations are intrinsic to the system, and it is only over the last decade or so that we have begun to understand them. This review presents the current state of understanding of biochemical engineering aspects of SSF processing, including not only the fermentation itself, but also the auxiliary steps of substrate and inoculum preparation and downstream processing and waste disposal. The fermentation step has received most research attention. Significant advances have been made over the last decade in understanding how the performance of SSF bioreactors can be controlled either by the intraparticle processes of enzyme and oxygen diffusion or by the macroscale heat transfer processes of conduction, convection, and evaporation. Mathematical modeling has played an important role in suggesting how SSF bioreactors should be designed and operated. However, these models have been developed on the basis of laboratory-scale data and there is an urgent need to test these models with data obtained in large-scale bioreactors.
尽管固态发酵（SSF）技术已使用了数百年，且在过去20年中重新受到关注，尽管其在一系列产品方面具有良好潜力，但目前大规模商业应用相对较少。这种情况可归因于该系统的复杂性：宏观和微观的传热传质限制是该系统固有的，直到大约过去十年我们才开始理解它们。本综述介绍了对SSF过程生化工程方面的当前理解状态，不仅包括发酵本身，还包括底物和接种物制备以及下游加工和废物处理等辅助步骤。发酵步骤受到了最多的研究关注。在过去十年中，在理解如何通过酶和氧气扩散的颗粒内过程或通过传导、对流和蒸发的宏观传热过程来控制SSF生物反应器的性能方面取得了重大进展。数学建模在建议如何设计和操作SSF生物反应器方面发挥了重要作用。然而，这些模型是基于实验室规模的数据开发的，迫切需要用在大规模生物反应器中获得的数据来测试这些模型。
