Conners J, Iwata B A, Kahng S W, Hanley G P, Worsdell A S, Thompson R H
The University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA.
J Appl Behav Anal. 2000 Fall;33(3):299-308. doi: 10.1901/jaba.2000.33-299.
We evaluated the extent to which discriminative stimuli (S(D)s) facilitate differential responding during multielement functional analyses. Eight individuals, all diagnosed with mental retardation and referred for assessment and treatment of self-injurious behavior (SIB) or aggression, participated. Functional analyses consisted of four or five assessment conditions alternated in multielement designs. Each condition was initially correlated with a specific therapist and a specific room color (S(D)s), and sessions continued until higher rates of target behaviors were consistently observed under a specific test condition. In a subsequent analysis, the programmed S(D)s were removed (i.e., all conditions were now conducted by the same therapist in the same room), and sessions continued until differential responding was observed or until twice as many sessions were conducted with the S(D)s absent (as opposed to present), whichever came first. Results indicated that the inclusion of programmed S(D)s facilitated discrimination among functional analysis conditions for half of the participants. These results suggest that the inclusion of salient cues may increase either the efficiency of functional analyses or the likelihood of obtaining clear assessment outcomes.
我们评估了辨别性刺激（S(D)s）在多元素功能分析过程中促进差异反应的程度。八名均被诊断为智力障碍且因自伤行为（SIB）或攻击行为而被转介进行评估和治疗的个体参与了研究。功能分析由多元素设计中交替出现的四或五个评估条件组成。每个条件最初都与特定的治疗师和特定的房间颜色（S(D)s）相关联，并且会话持续进行，直到在特定测试条件下持续观察到更高频率的目标行为。在后续分析中，去除了设定好的S(D)s（即现在所有条件都由同一位治疗师在同一房间进行），会话继续进行，直到观察到差异反应，或者直到在没有S(D)s（与有S(D)s时相比）的情况下进行的会话次数达到有S(D)s时的两倍，以先达到者为准。结果表明，对于一半的参与者而言，纳入设定好的S(D)s促进了功能分析条件之间的辨别。这些结果表明，纳入显著线索可能会提高功能分析的效率或获得清晰评估结果的可能性。
