Harmer A R, McKenna M J, Sutton J R, Snow R J, Ruell P A, Booth J, Thompson M W, Mackay N A, Stathis C G, Crameri R M, Carey M F, Eager D M
School of Exercise and Sport Science, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, 1825.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000 Nov;89(5):1793-803. doi: 10.1152/jappl.2000.89.5.1793.
The effects of sprint training on muscle metabolism and ion regulation during intense exercise remain controversial. We employed a rigorous methodological approach, contrasting these responses during exercise to exhaustion and during identical work before and after training. Seven untrained men undertook 7 wk of sprint training. Subjects cycled to exhaustion at 130% pretraining peak oxygen uptake before (PreExh) and after training (PostExh), as well as performing another posttraining test identical to PreExh (PostMatch). Biopsies were taken at rest and immediately postexercise. After training in PostMatch, muscle and plasma lactate (Lac(-)) and H(+) concentrations, anaerobic ATP production rate, glycogen and ATP degradation, IMP accumulation, and peak plasma K(+) and norepinephrine concentrations were reduced (P<0.05). In PostExh, time to exhaustion was 21% greater than PreExh (P<0.001); however, muscle Lac(-) accumulation was unchanged; muscle H(+) concentration, ATP degradation, IMP accumulation, and anaerobic ATP production rate were reduced; and plasma Lac(-), norepinephrine, and H(+) concentrations were higher (P<0.05). Sprint training resulted in reduced anaerobic ATP generation during intense exercise, suggesting that aerobic metabolism was enhanced, which may allow increased time to fatigue.
短跑训练对高强度运动期间肌肉代谢和离子调节的影响仍存在争议。我们采用了严格的方法，对比运动至力竭时以及训练前后相同工作量时的这些反应。七名未经训练的男性进行了为期7周的短跑训练。受试者在训练前（PreExh）和训练后（PostExh）以训练前峰值摄氧量的130%进行骑行至力竭，并在训练后进行了另一次与PreExh相同的测试（PostMatch）。在休息时和运动后立即进行活检。在PostMatch训练后，肌肉和血浆乳酸（Lac(-)）及H(+)浓度、无氧ATP产生率、糖原和ATP降解、IMP积累以及血浆K(+)和去甲肾上腺素峰值浓度均降低（P<0.05）。在PostExh中，力竭时间比PreExh长21%（P<0.001）；然而，肌肉Lac(-)积累未变；肌肉H(+)浓度、ATP降解、IMP积累和无氧ATP产生率降低；血浆Lac(-)、去甲肾上腺素和H(+)浓度升高（P<0.05）。短跑训练导致高强度运动期间无氧ATP生成减少，表明有氧代谢增强，这可能使疲劳时间增加。
